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Fungal ball due to a species of the Scedosporium apiospermum complex in a post-tuberculosis patient.

Rev Iberoam Micol

December 2024

Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Médica, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:

Background: Scedosporium species are considered emerging pathogens causing illness in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts.

Case Report: A case of non-invasive pulmonary (fungal ball) infection by Scedosporium apiospermum complex in a 49-year-old female with bronchiectasis and cavities secondary to tuberculosis is described. The patient had a history of three years of cough and hemoptysis.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Mycetoma is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting subcutaneous tissues and sometimes bones, often caused by bacteria from the genus Nocardia.
  • - A 43-year-old male presented with extensive mycetoma lesions on his forearm, chest, and neck, showing signs such as erythema and draining pus, diagnosed through genetic sequencing which identified Nocardia mexicana.
  • - Successful treatment with a combination of antibiotics was achieved after six months, and the case suggests that Nocardia mexicana can spread through contact with animals, as it was linked to the patient’s manipulation of a calf.
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Article Synopsis
  • - Mycetoma is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly affecting the subcutaneous tissues, often occurring in limbs, with cases outside this area having higher risks of severe outcomes; a study at the Mycetoma Research Centre reviewed 420 extrapedal mycetoma patients from 1991 to 2021.
  • - Out of the 420 patients, 70.7% had eumycetoma and 29.3% had actinomycetoma, with a significant male predominance (81.7% male to 18.3% female); most patients were young adults and primarily from specific regions like El Gezira.
  • - Clinical symptoms included multiple discharging sinuses and swellings, with almost half showing
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Pulmonary tuberculosis is a notorious disease as it can cause severe morbidity and mortality. In this case, we discuss a 75-year-old male tuberculosis patient from a rural area with no underlying comorbidities who failed to continue anti-tubercular medication after two months. The case discusses the diagnostic modalities confirming the diagnosis, sputum culture for , imaging studies, including X-ray and CT of the chest, and laboratory parameters for identifying pulmonary mycetoma.

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Background: Different patterns of fibrosis on high-resolution CT scans (HRCT) have been associated with reduced survival in some interstitial lung diseases. Nothing is known about HRCT scan patterns and survival in sarcoidosis.

Research Question: Will a detailed description of the extent and pattern of HRCT scan fibrosis in patients with stage IV pulmonary sarcoidosis impact pulmonary function and survival?

Study Design And Methods: Two hundred forty patients with stage IV sarcoidosis at two large tertiary institutions were studied.

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