Named after Hans Christian Gram who developed the method in 1884, the Gram stain allows one to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on the basis of differential staining with a crystal violet-iodine complex and a safranin counterstain. The cell walls of Gram-positive organisms retain this complex after treatment with alcohol and appear purple, whereas gram-negative organisms decolorize following such treatment and appear pink. The method described here is useful for assessing bacterial contamination of tissue culture samples or for examining the Gram stain status and morphological features of bacteria isolated from mixed or isolated bacterial cultures.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780471729259.mca03cs00 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Glob Health
December 2024
Division of Water and Health, Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Background: In developing countries, due to improper management of domestic animals' exposures, under-five (U5) children have been affected by diarrhoea. However, there is no evidence that shows the presence of diarrhoea-causing pathogens in the faeces of U5 children and animals residing in the same houses in the Sidama region, Ethiopia.
Methods: A laboratory-based matched case-control study was conducted on children aged 6-48 months in the Sidama region of Ethiopia from February to June 2023.
Curr Microbiol
December 2024
Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Chenggong Campus of Yunnan University, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, China.
A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, yellow-pigmented, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive, non-motile with no flagella and irregularly rod-shaped, denominated strain YIM 134122, was isolated from a Stereocaulon tomentosum Fr. lichen gathered on Baima Snow Mountain in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The novel strain grew at pH 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Microbiol
December 2024
Department of Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, 26339, Republic of Korea.
During the study of microbial diversity of forest soil in the Republic of Korea, a yellow pigment-producing, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacterium was isolated and designated as strain 1W2. This strain grew at temperature of 10-37 °C, at pH of 5.0-9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSouth Afr J Crit Care
July 2024
School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand; and Main Intensive Care, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are a major problem globally, contributing to prolonged hospital admissions and poor outcomes.
Objectives: To examine HAI incidence and risk factors in an intensive care unit (ICU) during high v. low occupancy periods.
Background And Aim: Large number of studies proved undisputable role of procalcitonin (PCT) in sepsis diagnosis. Moreover, potential of procalcitonin to predict blood culture results according to Gram staining, different types of pathogens and foci of infection is discussed lately. The primary aim of our study was to compare the PCT levels in septic patients with documented Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteraemia.
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