Differences in bioavailability among sediments are a source of variability and uncertainty in sediment quality assessment. We present three sets of studies designed to test a thin-film solid phase extraction technique for characterizing the bioavailability of organic chemicals in sediments. Laboratory studies with spiked natural sediments reveal highly reproducible thin-film extractions for chemicals with octanol-water partition coefficients between 10(4.5) and 10(8.5), with 95% equilibration times between 1 and 600 h. Studies with field-collected sediments illustrate that method detection limits are sufficiently low for field application at contaminated sites. Bioaccumulation studies with clams (Macoma balthica) show excellent correlations between thin-film and animal tissue concentrations. We conclude that thin-film extraction provides an ecologically relevant, fugacity-based measure of chemical exposure that can be expected to improve sediment quality assessments.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/08-081.1 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
A Universal Design of Lithium Anode via Dynamic Stability Strategy for Practical All-solid-state Batteries.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
University of Maryland at College Park, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 1223A Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, 20742, College Park, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
All-solid-state Li-metal battery (ASSLB) chemistry with thin solid-state electrolyte (SSE) membranes features high energy density and intrinsic safety but suffers from severe dendrite formation and poor interface contact during cycling, which hampers the practical application of rechargeable ASSLB. Here, we propose a universal design of thin Li-metal anode (LMA) via a dynamic stability strategy to address these issues. The ultra-thin LMA (20 μm) is in-situ constructed with uniform highly Li-ion conductive solid-electrolyte interphase and composite-polymer interphase (CPI) via electroplating process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPassivation, phase, and morphology control of CdS nanocrystals probed using fluorinated aromatic amines and solid-state NMR spectroscopy.
Nanoscale Adv
December 2024
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
Nanocrystals are widely explored for a range of medical, imaging, sensing, and energy conversion applications. CdS nanocrystals have been reported as excellent photocatalysts, with thin film CdS also highly important in photovoltaic devices. To optimise properties of nanocrystals, control over phase, facet, and morphology are vital.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesign of Chemoresponsive Liquid Crystals Using Metal-Coordinating Polymer Surfaces.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
December 2024
Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
Liquid crystals (LCs), when interfaced with chemically functionalized surfaces, can amplify a range of chemical and physical transformations into optical outputs. While metal cation-binding sites on surfaces have been shown to provide a basis for the design of chemoresponsive LCs, the cations have been found to dissociate from the surfaces and dissolve slowly into LCs, resulting in time-dependent changes in the properties of LC-solid interfaces (which impacts the reliability of devices incorporating such surfaces). Here, we explore the use of surfaces comprising metal-coordinating polymers to minimize the dissolution of metal cations into LCs and characterize the impact of the interfacial environment created by the coordinating polymer on the ordering and time-dependent properties of LCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignatures of ambient pressure superconductivity in thin film LaNiO.
Nature
December 2024
Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Recently, the bilayer nickelate LaNiO has been discovered as a new superconductor with transition temperature T near 80 K under high pressure. Despite extensive theoretical and experimental work to understand the nature of its superconductivity, the requirement of extreme pressure restricts the use of many experimental probes and limits its application potential. Here, we present signatures of superconductivity in LaNiO thin films at ambient pressure, facilitated by the application of epitaxial compressive strain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthesis and Structure of Vanadium-Lead Coatings for Outer Space Structures.
Materials (Basel)
November 2024
Institute of Nuclear Physics, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan.
This study aimed to develop a technology for synthesizing non-degrading porous coatings that remain stable under the conditions of outer space. Using the magnetron sputtering method, we obtained vanadium-lead system coatings over a wide range of mutual concentrations from 6 to 44.9 at.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!