Background: Clozapine was the first atypical 'broad spectrum' antipsychotic drug to be marketed and the first agent approved for the treatment of schizophrenia refractory to other medications. It is also effective for the treatment of aggressive behaviour in schizophrenic and demented patients and in the management of psychosis and aggression in Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia.
Objective: The aim of this review is to study the safety of clozapine for use in elderly patients.
Methods: An extensive Medline search was made. Some studies that were referenced in reports from our pharmacovigilance centre and from regulatory agencies such as the FDA, EMEA and WHO were included.
Conclusions: Clozapine treatment in the elderly requires a careful geriatric assessment. However, its use is strongly limited by the possibility of onset of severe adverse effects such as potentially fatal agranulocytosis, myocarditis and others such as seizures, weight gain and metabolic adverse effects.
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Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
Background: Clozapine is widely regarded as a highly efficacious psychotropic drug that is largely underused worldwide. Recent disproportionality analyses and nationwide case-control studies suggested a potential association between clozapine use and hematological malignancy (HM). Nevertheless, the absolute rate difference is not well-established due to the absence of analytic cohort studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlert prescribing of clozapine: a comparison of five drug-drug interaction sources.
Ther Adv Drug Saf
December 2024
University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Z.org KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- Clozapine is an antipsychotic for schizophrenia that has serious side effects, making drug-drug interaction (DDI) databases important for clinician reference.
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Manipulation of Lipid Nanocapsules as an Efficient Intranasal Platform for Brain Deposition of Clozapine as an Antipsychotic Drug.
Pharmaceutics
November 2024
Department of Pharmaceutics, Egyptian Drug Authority, Giza 12511, Egypt.
Background/objectives: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) significantly limits the treatment of central nervous system disorders, such as schizophrenia, by restricting drug delivery to the brain. This study explores the potential of intranasal clozapine-loaded lipid nanocapsules (IN LNCs) as a targeted and effective delivery system to the brain.
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Significant haematological alterations in clozapine-treated patients: prevalence and clinical correlation.
Acta Neuropsychiatr
November 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey.
Objectives: Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic crucial for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, characterised by its multi-receptor targeting, including serotonin (5-HT2A, 5-HT2C) and dopamine (D1, D2, D3, D4) receptors, among others. This broad mechanism is effective against positive symptoms of schizophrenia with a lower incidence of extrapyramidal side effects. However, clozapine poses significant haematological risks, notably agranulocytosis, necessitating stringent blood monitoring protocols.
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