The official methods of control of vaccines against sheep enterotoxemia are indirect in two ways : on the one hand they are carried out on animals for which the vaccine is not intended, and on the other hand they test only an immunological serum reaction. Another method consisting of direct testing by intravenous injection of toxin has been carried out on mice previously vaccinated with different doses. It has been shown that it is possible to obtain a certain level of protection giving a good dose-effect relation. However, immunity provided by this direct method is weak although the vaccine utilized is considered very efficacious with regard to the official norms of the direct test. These results, which are both encouraging and disappointing, will be the subject of a more intensive study of the different parameters in question.
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Women Birth
January 2025
School of Nursing and Midwifery & Centre for Quality and Safety Research, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia; Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia.
Background: Since 2019, maternity care in Australia has been guided by the national maternity policy, Woman-centred care: Strategic directions for Australian maternity services (the Strategy). The Strategy has four core values (safety, respect, choice and access), which underpin 12 principles of woman-centred care.
Aim: To describe women's experiences of receiving maternity care in Australia and explore how their care aligned with the values and principles of the Strategy.
J Surg Res
January 2025
Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Introduction: Assessing gender disparity in surgical trainees' operative opportunities and experience quantifies implicit gender bias and reflects a summation of many smaller biased interactions within the operating room environment. Highlighting gender disparity in surgery informs a platform for advocacy.
Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using Medline, Web of Science, OpenMD and Science Direct consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metanalysis guidelines.
Cancer Nurs
January 2025
Author Affiliations: Nursing Department (Drs Shi and Zhang and Mss Zhang and Xu) and General Practice Clinic (Mr Cui), The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; and School of Nursing, Harbin Medical University (Dr Sun), Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Background: Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths in China. Timely screening is essential for reducing mortality, but implementing comprehensive programs in Chinese healthcare settings is challenging.
Objective: This study identifies barriers and facilitators to colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) in China and recommends effective implementation strategies.
N Engl J Med
January 2025
From the TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.T.R., S.M.P., R.P.G., D.A.M., J.F.K., E.L.G., S.A.M., S.D.W., M.S.S.); Anthos Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA (B.H., S.P., D.B.); the Heart Rhythm Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and Cardiovascular Center, Taipei, Taiwan (S.-A.C.); Taichung Veterans Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-A.C.); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan (S.-A.C.); National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-A.C.); St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.G.G.); Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (S.G.G.); the Division of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.J.); the Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Northern Pest-Military Hospital, Budapest, Hungary (R.G.K.); the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (R.G.K.); the Internal Cardiology Department, St. Ann University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (J.S.); the Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland (W.W.); the Departments of Medicine and of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.W.); and the Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.W.).
Background: Abelacimab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to the inactive form of factor XI and blocks its activation. The safety of abelacimab as compared with a direct oral anticoagulant in patients with atrial fibrillation is unknown.
Methods: Patients with atrial fibrillation and a moderate-to-high risk of stroke were randomly assigned, in a 1:1:1 ratio, to receive subcutaneous injection of abelacimab (150 mg or 90 mg once monthly) administered in a blinded fashion or oral rivaroxaban (20 mg once daily) administered in an open-label fashion.
JMIR Res Protoc
January 2025
Key Populations Program, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Background: In South Africa, there is no centralized HIV surveillance system where key populations (KPs) data, including gay men and other men who have sex with men, female sex workers, transgender persons, people who use drugs, and incarcerated persons, are stored in South Africa despite being on higher risk of HIV acquisition and transmission than the general population. Data on KPs are being collected on a smaller scale by numerous stakeholders and managed in silos. There exists an opportunity to harness a variety of data, such as empirical, contextual, observational, and programmatic data, for evaluating the potential impact of HIV responses among KPs in South Africa.
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