It was found that sphingomyelin and its enzymatic hydrolysis products, choline and sphingosine, influence the degree of DNA methylation in the reaction of heterologous methylation by methylase EcoRII in vitro. Sphingomyelin was found to be able to was activate (by 20%), sphingosine and choline inhibit methylation. Phosphatidylcholine had no effect on DNA methylation in an in vitro system. The role of lipids in the regulation of gene expression during enzymatic modification (methylation) of DNA is discussed.
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Biochem J
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is a multifunctional enzyme involved in phospholipid peroxide repair and metabolism. In this study we investigated the global lipid composition of a human hepatocarcinoma cell line SNU475 lacking PRDX6 and lipid related cellular processes. There was a general decrease in multiple lipids species upon loss of PRDX6, in particular sphingomyelins and acylcarnitines, consistent with previously observed alterations in cell signaling pathways and mitochondrial dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biol Chem
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci
August 2024
Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan.
We previously reported that a pathogenic abnormality in the barrier and water-holding functions of the stratum corneum (SC) in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is mainly attributable to significantly decreased levels of total ceramides in the SC. That decrease is mediated by the abnormal expression of a novel ceramide-reducing enzyme, sphingomyelin/glucosylceramide deacylase (SGDase), which is the β-subunit (ASAH1b) of acid ceramidase. In this study, we determined whether mice overexpressing ASAH1b in their epidermis develop AD-like skin symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2024
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Sphingomyelin is a key molecule of sphingolipid metabolism, and its enzymatic breakdown is associated with various infectious diseases. Here, we introduce trifunctional sphingomyelin derivatives that enable the visualization of sphingomyelin distribution and sphingomyelinase activity in infection processes. We demonstrate this by determining the activity of a bacterial sphingomyelinase on the plasma membrane of host cells using a combination of Förster resonance energy transfer and expansion microscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
July 2024
Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Ceramides generated by the activity of the neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) play a pivotal role in stress responses in mammalian cells. Dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism has been implicated in numerous inflammation-related pathologies. However, its influence on inflammatory cytokine-induced signaling is yet incompletely understood.
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