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The formation of the blood elements and their maturation is called hematopoiesis. In adults, this typically takes place in the bone marrow of vertebrae, ribs, and long bones. In contrast, during fetal development, the primary sites of hematopoiesis are the spleen, liver, and the yolk sac.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Rare Presentation of Extramedullary Hematopoiesis as an Adrenal Mass: A Case Report.
Cureus
February 2024
General Surgery, PCMC'S PGI Yashwantrao Chavan Memorial Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, IND.
Hematopoiesis is an enormous and complex process. When the primary site of hematopoiesis fails to meet the requirements of the body in conditions like hemoglobinopathies or myelofibrosis, various extramedullary sites take on the role of blood formation. Extramedullary hematopoiesis most commonly occurs in the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes and is rarely found in the thymus, heart, breast, adrenal glands, paravertebral regions, intraspinal tissue, and brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrient regulation of bone marrow adipose tissue: skeletal implications of weight loss.
Nat Rev Endocrinol
November 2023
Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Adipose tissue is a dynamic component of the bone marrow, regulating skeletal remodelling and secreting paracrine and endocrine factors that can affect haematopoiesis, as well as potentially nourishing the bone marrow during periods of stress. Bone marrow adipose tissue is regulated by multiple factors, but particularly nutrient status. In this Review, we examine how bone marrow adipocytes originate, their function in normal and pathological states and how bone marrow adipose tissue modulates whole-body homoeostasis through actions on bone cells, haematopoietic stem cells and extra-medullary adipocytes during nutritional challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCytomorphology of paediatric hepatocellular carcinoma: A useful diagnostic adjunct.
Cytopathology
September 2023
Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common primary malignancy of the liver but is rare in the paediatric age group; thus, it may be misdiagnosed as the more common tumour, hepatoblastoma. Management varies in both these tumours, and pathological diagnosis thus plays an important role for definitive therapy. Only a few case reports available in the literature have described the cytological characteristics of paediatric HCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlterations in the megakaryocyte transcriptome impacts platelet function in sepsis and COVID-19 infection.
Thromb Res
November 2023
Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. Electronic address:
Platelets and their parent cell, the megakaryocyte (MK), are increasingly recognized for their roles during infection and inflammation. The MK residing in the bone marrow or arising from precursors trafficked to other organs for development go on to form platelets through thrombopoiesis. Infection, by direct and indirect mechanisms, can alter the transcriptional profile of MKs.
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