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Gut TLRs and IFN pathway mRNA expression and frequencies of CD4 T Cell expressing CD38 or HLA-DR go in Parallel During HIV Immunopathogenesis.
Immunol Lett
January 2025
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
Whereas much knowledge exists on the expression of IFN pathways in the blood of people living with HIV (PLWH), its role has only recently been appreciated in the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the gut mRNA expression levels of innate immune genes involved in the HIV-host interaction and their association with CD4 T cell activation in long-term HAART-experienced PLWH. PLWH had increased TLR4, IFN-α2, IFN-α14, IFN-β and IFNAR1 mRNAs levels in LPLs, as well as increased frequencies of CD4 T lymphocytes expressing CD38 or HLA-DR compared to the healthy donors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn updated overview on long-acting therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from a perspective of pharmaceutics.
Int J Pharm
December 2024
Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. Electronic address:
Conventional drug formulations release active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) immediately after administration, while long-acting (LA) drug products are designed for prolonged therapeutic effects, thereby reducing administration frequency and improving patient compliance. The development of LA therapeutics for chronic disease treatment has significantly helped patients adhere to their regimens, reducing the need for daily doses and easing the burden on healthcare systems. Advances in treatment have transformed Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) into a manageable chronic disease, and efforts are underway to eliminate HIV in the future.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirological outcomes of antiretroviral therapy and its determinants among HIV patients in Ethiopia: Implications for achieving the 95-95-95 target.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
Background: Despite significant advancements in HIV treatment, virological outcomes remain a critical issue. Ethiopia did not meet the 90:90:90 targets set for 2020, which aimed for 90% of people on antiretroviral therapy to achieve viral suppression. As the country shifts its focus toward the 95:95:95 targets for 2030-seeking to achieve 95% viral suppression among those on ART-it is crucial to deepen our understanding of viral suppression and the factors that influence it.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends of HIV/AIDS in Pregnant Women Presenting to a Tertiary Care Setting.
Cureus
November 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK.
According to WHO, there are around 35 million adults living with HIV/AIDs worldwide. Of these, around 1.5 million are pregnant women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy assessment of antiretroviral drugs against equine infectious anemia virus in vitro.
Virus Res
December 2024
ANSES Animal Health Laboratory, PhEED Unit, Goustranville, France; Mixed technological Unit "Equine Health and Welfare - Organisation and Traceability of the Equine Industry" (UMT SABOT), France. Electronic address:
Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is an equine lentivirus related to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Both viruses are related among the Retroviridae family, but their clinical manifestations are different as EIAV causes a long persistent infection with no progressive immune dysfunction in most cases. Today, no treatment is approved against EIAV, contrary to HIV-1, manageable through antiretroviral therapy, known as HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) or cART (combination antiretroviral therapy).
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