Neuropathy and type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetic neuropathy is the most common type of neuropathies. It affects patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but it progresses more rapidly and its manifestations are more severe in type 1 diabetes. Although there has been a significant progress in the understanding of the clinical aspects of these conditions, many questions remain unanswered. Peripheral and autonomic neuropathy are strong risk markers for future mortality. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy is a serious and common complication of diabetes. DAN frequently coexists with other peripheral neuropathies and other diabetic complications, but DAN may be isolated, frequently preceding the detection of other complications. The presence of the autonomic diabetic neuropathy significantly influences the regulatory function of microcirculation, which may predispose to the occurrence of different late diabetic complications.