In this rare case a non-immunocompromised patient with old Tuberculosis on low dose of steroids presents with opportunistic infection of a weakly aerobic gram positive acid fast, filamentous bacteria called Nocardia.An 80 year old non-smoking white female presented with cough, shortness of breath and purulent sputum.Initial antibiotics given were not helpful. Later microbial diagnosis was Nocardia in sputum sample which was uncommon in a non-immunocompromised. She responded to co-trimoxazole therapy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1757-1626-1-122 | DOI Listing |
NPJ Antimicrob Resist
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
The genus Nocardia comprises over 130 species of soil-dwelling actinomycetes, many of which are opportunistic pathogens. Beyond their pathogenicity, Nocardia exhibits significant biosynthetic potential, producing an array of diverse antimicrobial secondary metabolites. This review highlights notable examples of these compounds and explores modern approaches to unlocking their untapped biosynthetic potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Chemother
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan.
We describe a rare case of spontaneous remission of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) in a 42-year-old patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, followed by severe pulmonary nocardiosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous remission of PCP in a completely untreated patient with HIV infection. The patient, a bisexual Japanese man, presented with fever and anorexia and had a history of non-compliance with antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 13 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Western Theatre Command, No. 270, Tianhui Road, Rongdu Avenue, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Background: Nocardia are widely present in nature and considered opportunistic pathogens. They can result in hematogenous spread infection through the ruptured skin or respiratory tract when the host's immune system is compromised. Currently, 119 species of Nocardia have been identified, with 54 capable of causing infections in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Med
December 2024
Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan. Electronic address:
Background: Pulmonary nocardiosis is a rare opportunistic infection, with approximately 15 % of patients being immunocompetent. The isolation rate of Nocardia spp. has recently increased, indicating rising clinical concern.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Pharmacother
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is the preferred prophylactic agent for pneumonia (PJP) and toxoplasmosis after solid organ transplant (SOT). Compared with other agents, it has additional activity against species.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of infection in SOT patients receiving TMP-SMX or an alternative agent for opportunistic infection (OI) prophylaxis.
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