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Impact of dairy calf management practices on the intestinal tract microbiome pre-weaning.
J Med Microbiol
January 2025
Animal and Agriculture Department, Hartpury University, Gloucester, GL19 3BE, UK.
Microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) consisting of the rumen and hindgut (the small intestine, cecum and colon) in dairy calves play a vital role in their growth and development. This review discusses the development of dairy calf intestinal microbiomes with an emphasis on the impact that husbandry and rearing management have on microbiome development, health and growth of pre-weaned dairy calves. The diversity and composition of the microbes that colonize the lower GIT (small and large intestine) can have a significant impact on the growth and development of the calf, through influence on nutrient metabolism, immune modulation, resistance or susceptibility to infection, production outputs and behaviour modification in adult life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNurses and allied professionals' engagement in clinical research-in-practice: a statement of the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing & Allied Professions of the European Society of Cardiology.
Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs
January 2025
Department of Nursing, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Many nurses and allied professionals (NAPs) lack the skills, knowledge and confidence to engage in conducting and implementing research. This statement describes the importance of NAPs' involvement in clinical research within the context of cardiovascular care. The existing gaps, barriers and enablers to NAPs involvement in research as a potential response to workforce issues in these professions as well as to contribute to excellence in patient care delivery and associated outcomes are identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPalliative Care Program for Community-Dwelling Individuals With Dementia and Caregivers: The IN-PEACE Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA
January 2025
Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
Importance: Care management benefits community-dwelling patients with dementia, but studies include few patients with moderate to severe dementia or from racial and ethnic minority populations, lack palliative care, and seldom reduce health care utilization.
Objective: To determine whether integrated dementia palliative care reduces dementia symptoms, caregiver depression and distress, and emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations compared with usual care in moderate to severe dementia.
Design, Setting, And Participants: A randomized clinical trial of community-dwelling patients with moderate to severe dementia and their caregivers enrolled from March 2019 to December 2020 from 2 sites in central Indiana (2-year follow-up completed on January 7, 2023).
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Pediatric Counseling on Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Weight: A Secondary Analysis of the BP-CATCH Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
Importance: Pediatric obesity and hypertension are highly correlated. To mitigate both conditions, provision of counseling on nutrition, lifestyle, and weight to children with high blood pressure (BP) measurements is recommended.
Objective: To examine racial and ethnic disparities in receipt of nutrition, lifestyle, and weight counseling among patients with high BP at pediatric primary care visits stratified by patients' weight status.
Caregivers' Perspectives on Discussions of Medical Treatment Preferences for People Living with Dementia Are Associated with Their Dementia Health Literacy and the Caregiving Relationship.
Gerontologist
January 2025
Department of Health & Community Systems, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Background And Objectives: People living with dementia experience progressive functional decline and increased dependence on caregivers. This study examined the influence of caregivers' dementia health literacy on perceptions of medical care preferences and advanced care planning (ACP) in people living with dementia.
Research Design And Methods: This analysis used data from a cross-sectional survey, "Care Planning for Individuals with Dementia", administered nationwide by Alzheimer's Disease Centers.
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