To date, vaccination is an active area of investigation for its application to a great variety of human diseases including infections and cancer. In particular, naked-DNA vaccination has arisen as effective strategy in the preventive medicine field with promising future prospects. The ability of plasmid DNA to activate the humoural and the cellular arms of the immune system against the encoded antigen have resulted in intensive study of new strategies aimed at increasing the DNA vaccine immunogenicity. Nevertheless, plasmid-based vaccines emerged as a safer and advantageous alternative with respect to viral vector vaccines. Recent advances in both the immunological and biotechnological research field made it possible to enhance significantly the DNA vaccine potency. Most of these approaches are based on both the discovery of novel delivery systems and the implementation of plasmid constructs, achieved through genetic engineering. In this review, we will describe some of the most relevant patents issued in the last ten years, supporting the progress made in naked-DNA vaccination against infectious diseases.
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Improved efficacy of therapeutic HPV DNA vaccine using intramuscular injection with electroporation compared to conventional needle and needle-free jet injector methods.
Cell Biosci
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Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, CRB II Room 307, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Background: We have previously developed a candidate therapeutic HPV DNA vaccine (pBI-11) encoding mycobacteria heat shock protein 70 linked to HPV16/18 E6/E7 proteins for the control of advanced HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer (NCT05799144). While naked DNA vaccines are readily produced, stable, and well tolerated, their potency is limited by the delivery efficiency. Here we compared three different IM delivery strategies, including intramuscular (IM) injection, either with a needle alone or with electroporation at the injection site, and a needle-free injection system (NFIS), for their ability to elicit gene expression and to improve the potency of pBI-11 DNA vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVector-Free Deep Tissue Targeting of DNA/RNA Therapeutics via Single Capacitive Discharge Conductivity-Clamped Gene Electrotransfer.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Translational Neuroscience Facility, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tyree Institute for Health Engineering (IHealthE), UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Viral vector and lipid nanoparticle based gene delivery have limitations around spatiotemporal control, transgene packaging size, and vector immune reactivity, compromising translation of nucleic acid (NA) therapeutics. In the emerging field of DNA and particularly RNA-based gene therapies, vector-free delivery platforms are identified as a key unmet need. Here, this work addresses these challenges through gene electrotransfer (GET) of "naked" polyanionic DNA/mRNA using a single needle form-factor which supports "electro-lens" based compression of the local electric field, and local control of tissue conductivity, enabling single capacitive discharge minimal charge gene delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA comprehensive investigation of Glycoprotein-based nucleic acid vaccines for Hantaan Virus.
NPJ Vaccines
October 2024
Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air-Force Medical University (The Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China.
Article Synopsis
- Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a serious illness in Eurasia with no specific treatments currently available, highlighting the need for safe and effective vaccines.
- Researchers developed three types of nucleic acid vaccine candidates (mRNA, naked DNA, and DNA in lipid nanoparticles) targeting the Hantaan virus to assess their potential against HFRS.
- All vaccine candidates successfully triggered strong immune responses similar to an existing inactivated vaccine, with the mRNA vaccine showing a robust T-helper 1 cell response and the DNA-LNP producing higher neutralizing antibodies, suggesting that combining these vaccines could enhance their effectiveness.
Competence Regulation in Streptococcus pneumoniae and the Competence-targeted Anti-pneumococcal Strategies.
Curr Med Chem
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The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410005, China.
Natural transformation refers to the process in which bacteria acquire new traits by uptaking naked DNA from the environment and integrating it into their genome through homologous recombination when they are in the specialized physiological state of competence. The natural transformation was first described in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Since Frederick Griffith first described natural transformations in S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntradermal Naked DNA Vaccination by DNA Tattooing for Mounting Tumor-Specific Immunity in Stage IV Melanoma Patients: A Phase I Clinical Trial.
Oncol Res Treat
August 2024
Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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- This study focused on assessing the safety and potential immune response of a naked DNA vaccine targeting the MART-1 antigen in patients with advanced melanoma through a phase I clinical trial.
- Nine patients were treated, and while there were no treatment-related deaths, common side effects included skin reactions and pain; one patient achieved stable disease for 353 days.
- The DNA vaccine was generally safe to use, highlighting the need for further research to enhance its effectiveness and understand the immune responses better.
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