The acoustic startle reflex and its modulation by a prepulse are psychophysiological phenomena that are commonly studied to evaluate various aspects of information processing. Recent reports in human populations suggest that subjects from disparate racial backgrounds may have significant differences in the startle response. To determine if this pattern could be observed in our subject population and whether it extended to prepulse inhibition (PPI), we evaluated baseline startle parameters and PPI in 53 African-Americans (AA) and 38 European-Americans (EA). In AA compared to EA, mean startle magnitude and probability of blink response were lower, with no difference in habituation. PPI was greater in AA than EA when groups were matched on baseline startle magnitude. These findings support the idea of racial differences in startle response. Implications for study design are highlighted, and possible environmental and genetic influences are considered.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3734556 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00680.x | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Gut Colonization of Zebrafish Larvae Induces a Dampened Sensorimotor Response.
Biomedicines
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Cholera is a diarrheal disease prevalent in populations without access to clean water. Cholera is caused by which colonizes the upper small intestine in humans once ingested. A growing number of studies suggest that the gut microbiome composition modulates animal behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeritability and Genome-Wide Association Study of Dog Behavioral Phenotypes in a Commercial Breeding Cohort.
Genes (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
: Canine behavior plays an important role in the success of the human-dog relationship and the dog's overall welfare, making selection for behavior a vital part of any breeding program. While behaviors are complex traits determined by gene × environment interactions, genetic selection for desirable behavioral phenotypes remains possible. : No genomic association studies of dog behavior to date have been reported on a commercial breeding (CB) cohort; therefore, we utilized dogs from these facilities ( = 615 dogs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis in Alertness, Associative Learning, and Astrocyte Density.
Brain Behav
January 2025
INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
Purpose: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a prevalent disease caused by high fat and high cholesterol intake, which leads to systemic deterioration. The aim of this research is to conduct a psychobiological exploration of MASH in adult male rats.
Methods: Subjects who were administered a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 14 weeks.
Emotion, attention and stress regulation as markers of resilience in male and female Israeli soldiers during the Israel-Hamas war.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
December 2024
Behavioral Neurobiology Lab, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel.
Psychological resilience is a key factor for societal and military stability when faced with terror attacks and/or war. The research presents physiological findings-obtained with the electrodermal activity (EDA) and Auditory Sustained Attention Test (ASAT)-on stress responses, attentional and emotion regulation abilities in 57 Israel Defense Force male and female combat soldiers during the ongoing Israel-Hamas war. In addition, it shows self-reported resilience scores and post traumatic symptomatology measured by questionnaires and explores the relationship between the subjective and objective data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of deep layer superior colliculus neurons in prepulse inhibition and the impact of spatial separation in male rats.
Neuroscience
February 2025
School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China.
Prepulse inhibition (PPI) refers to the phenomenon in which a weak sensory stimulus before a strong one significantly reduces the startle reflex caused by the strong stimulus. Perceptual spatial separation, a phenomenon where auditory cues from the prepulse and background noise are distinguished in space, has been shown to enhance PPI. This study aims to investigate the neural modulation mechanisms of PPI by the spatial separation between the prepulse stimulus and background noise, particularly in the deep superior colliculus (deepSC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!