The international protocols of electron dosimetry published by the Nordic Association of Clinical Physics and the Sociedad Española de Física Médica recommend the use of a total perturbation correction factor pu, pp which is constant for all plane parallel chambers. In this work we have compared the dose measured with the PTW-Markus and NACP plane parallel chambers in respect to a cylindrical one. The obtained results indicate that for the ionization chamber NACP the value of pu, pp = 1.000 +/- 0.005 is adequate while for the ionization chamber PTW the observed difference is explained by considering an individual total perturbation correction factor variable with the mean energy at depth z, Ez, as the fluence perturbation correction factor pf is usually given for cylindrical chambers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8140(91)90086-v | DOI Listing |
PLoS Comput Biol
January 2025
Biorobotics Laboratory, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Humans can perform movements in various physical environments and positions (corresponding to different experienced gravity), requiring the interaction of the musculoskeletal system, the neural system and the external environment. The neural system is itself comprised of several interactive components, from the brain mainly conducting motor planning, to the spinal cord (SC) implementing its own motor control centres through sensory reflexes. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether similar movements in various environmental dynamics necessitate adapting modulation at the brain level, correcting modulation at the spinal level, or both.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
January 2025
INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, Firenze 50121, Italy.
The structures and rotational constants of prototypical monocyclic terpenes and terpenoids have been analyzed by a general computational strategy based on recent Pisa composite schemes (PCS) and vibrational perturbation theory at second order (VPT2). Concerning equilibrium geometries, a one-parameter empirical correction is added to bond lengths obtained by the revDSD-PBEP86 double hybrid functional in conjunction with a slightly modified cc-pVTZ-F12 basis set. The same functional and basis set give accurate harmonic frequencies, whereas the cheaper B3LYP hybrid functional in conjunction with a double-ζ basis set is employed to compute the semidiagonal cubic force constants needed to obtain vibrational corrections to the rotational constants in the framework of the VPT2 model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci
January 2025
Arizona State University, Department of Psychology, Tempe, AZ, 85287 USA.
The cerebellum, identified to be active during cognitive and social behavior, has multisynaptic connections through the cerebellar nuclei (CN) and thalamus to cortical regions, yet formation and modulation of these pathways are not fully understood. Perineuronal nets (PNNs) respond to changes in local cellular activity and emerge during development. PNNs are implicated in learning and neurodevelopmental disorders, but their role in the CN during development is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovation Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Laboratory for Computational Physical Science, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Hybrid density functionals, such as B3LYP and PBE0, have achieved remarkable success by substantially improving over their parent methods, namely Hartree-Fock and the generalized gradient approximation, and generally outperforming the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) that is more expensive. Here, we extend the linear scheme of hybrid multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory (HMC-PDFT) by incorporating a cross-entropy ingredient to balance the description of static and dynamic correlation effects, leading to a consistent improvement on both exchange and correlation energies. The B3LYP-like translated on-top functional (tB4LYP) developed along this line not only surpasses the accuracy of its parent methods, the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and the original MC-PDFT functionals (tBLYP and tB3LYP), but also outperforms the widely used complete active space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Netw Physiol
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
The Constrained Disorder Principle (CDP) defines all systems in nature by their degree of inherent variability. Per the CDP, the intrinsic variability is mandatory for their proper function and is dynamically changed based on pressures. The CDP defines the boundaries of inherent variability as a mechanism for continuous adaptation to internal and external perturbations, enabling survival and function under dynamic conditions.
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