Eco-physiological peculiarities of soil microbial communities in contemporary agrophytocenosis and biochemical peculiarities of symbiotic systems functioning are considered from the viewpoint of system approach. The questions of creation of polyfunctional microbial preparations for improving plant nutrition, growth regulation and biological protection were discussed. The mechanism of formation and functioning of corrosion-dangerous microbial communities under the conditions of technogenesis, architectonics and functioning of biofilms on the corroded steel under and damaged coatings are studied, and the foundations of anticorrosional arrangements are developed within the limits of studying the microbial biogeochemical activity.

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