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Searching for new drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease dementia through multiple pathways.
World J Clin Cases
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China.
Dementia is a group of diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson's disease dementia, metabolic dementia and toxic dementia. The treatment of dementia mainly includes symptomatic treatment by controlling the primary disease and accompanying symptoms, nutritional support therapy for repairing nerve cells, psychological auxiliary treatment, and treatment that improves cognitive function through drugs. Among them, drug therapy to improve cognitive function is important.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs a key inflammatory factor, the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in neuroinflammation and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Dysregulation of NLRP3 signaling can trigger various inflammatory responses in the brain, contributing to the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as ischemic stroke, vascular dementia (VaD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Therefore, the NLRP3 signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, including VaD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The 2024 Alzheimer's Association (AA) research diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) considers fluid biomarkers, including promising blood-based biomarkers for detecting AD. This study aims to identify dementia subtypes and their cognitive and neuroimaging profiles in older adults with dementia in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) using biomarkers and clinical data.
Methods: Forty-five individuals with dementia over 65 years old were evaluated using the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia and the informant-based Alzheimer's Questionnaire.
Background: The long-term impact of opioid use disorder (OUD) on brain health has been little explored although of potentially high public health importance.
Objectives: To investigate the potential causal impact of OUD on later life brain health outcomes, including dementia, stroke and brain structure.
Methods: Observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted.
Aβ40 Fibril Assembly on Human Cerebral Smooth Muscle Cells Impairs Cell Viability.
Biochemistry
January 2025
George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States.
Cerebral vascular deposition of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, a condition known as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), is associated with intracerebral hemorrhaging and contributes to disease progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Familial mutations at positions 22 and 23 within the Aβ peptide lead to early onset and severe CAA pathology. Here, we evaluate the effects of fibrillar Aβ peptides on the viability of primary-cultured human cerebral smooth muscle (HCSM) cells, which are the major site of amyloid deposition in cerebral blood vessel walls.
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