An avian embryo is a valuable model system for vertebrate embryology. Easy availability, accessibility to various developmental stages and amenability of organ fields makes the chick embryo one of the favored model systems. Seminal discoveries regarding organogenesis and vertebrate morphogenesis have been made using chick embryos cultured in vitro. Dennis A.T. New revolutionized chick embryo culture methodology with his development of a single glass ring explantation technique. Many modifications and/or embellishments were introduced after the New era of embryo culture. A double glass ring method for chick embryo culture introduced by Gallera and Nicolet is compared with the original New method and the EASY method in this study. In addition, a video of culture methods is presented as a valuable tool in learning about and/or teaching techniques of chick embryo culture.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-169X.2008.01048.x | DOI Listing |
Dev Growth Differ
January 2025
Division of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan.
The neural tube, the embryonic precursor to the vertebrate central nervous system, comprises distinct progenitor and neuronal domains, each with specific proliferation programs. In this study, we identified TMEM196, a novel transmembrane protein that plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation in the floor plate in chick embryos. TMEM196 is expressed in the floor plate, and its overexpression leads to reduced cell proliferation without affecting the pattern formation of the neural tube.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPoult Sci
January 2025
National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address:
Pullorum disease (PD) is a widespread disease that causes significant economic losses within the poultry industry of developing countries. An effective strategy for its prevention and control involves the implementation of decontamination procedures utilizing highly specific on-site detection techniques. In this study, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site within the group_17537 gene of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovars Pullorum (S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerg Microbes Infect
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
The H9N2 subtype of avian influenza virus (AIV) is widely distributed among poultry and wild birds and is also a threat to humans. During AIV active surveillance in Liaoning province from 2015 to 2016, we identified ten H9N2 strains exhibiting different lethality to chick embryos. Two representative strains, A/chicken/China/LN07/2016 (CKLN/07) and A/chicken/China/LN17/2016 (CKLN/17), with similar genomic background but different chick embryo lethality, were chosen to evaluate the molecular basis for this difference.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Dyn
January 2025
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Background: Insights into the development and evolution of asymmetrical jaws will require an understanding of the gene regulatory networks that underpin the differential morphogenesis of the maxillary and mandibular domains of the first pharyngeal arch in a variety of gnathostomes. While a robust relationship has been demonstrated between jaw patterning and the Endothelin-Dlx gene axis, much less is known of the next level of genes in the jaw patterning hierarchy.
Results: Several genes, whose expression depends on Dlx5 and/or Dlx6, have been identified in mice.
Development
January 2025
Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
In chick embryos prior to primitive streak formation, the outermost extraembryonic region, known as the area opaca (AO), was generally thought to act only by providing nutrients and mechanical support to the embryo. Just internal to the AO is a ring of epiblast called the marginal zone (MZ), separating the former from the inner, area pellucida epiblast. The MZ does not contribute cells to any part of the embryo but is involved in determining the position of primitive streak formation from the adjacent area pellucida epiblast.
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