Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3122
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Background & Aims: This study was designed to investigate whether bamboo culm extract (BCE) supplementation may ameliorate risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypercholesterolemia.
Methods: Oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in plasma, livers of C57BL/6 mice fed high-cholesterol diet and calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells. Briefly, C57BL/6 mice were fed the high-cholesterol diet which was supplemented with 1% (w/w), or 3% (w/w) of BCE for 16 weeks. The concentration of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol level and atherogenic index were measured. Plasma TEAC value, hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyl values and hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, such as Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), GSH reductase and catalase were determined. In addition, hepatic nuclear factor kappa B activities were detected. In the calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were measured.
Results: Plasma cholesterol level was decreased, while HDL-cholesterol was increased, thus atherogenic index was lowered in BCE-supplemented animals. Plasma trolox equivalent and hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyl values were lowered significantly in BCE groups (p<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. Hepatic antioxidative enzyme activities, such as Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-P), GSH reductase, and catalase were elevated in mice fed BCE-supplemented diets (p<0.05). Nuclear factor kappa B activities of livers and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1 expressions in CPAE cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide were significantly lowered in BCE groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: These results suggest that BCE supplementation may modulate lipoprotein composition and attenuate oxidative stress by elevated antioxidative processes, thus suppressing inflammatory mediator activation as possible mechanism of its anti-atherogenic effect.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2008.06.002 | DOI Listing |
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