Pulmonary surgery performed under epidural anesthesia (EA) combined with transcranial electrical anesthesia (TEA) was characterized by minimum adverse hemodynamic reactions, typical of EA alone, and reduced overall dose of the local anesthetic with minimum volume of the infusion therapy and adequate anesthetic protection. The absence of marked hemodynamic reactions in this type of combined anesthesia made it possible to use it during pulmonary surgery in the most severely ill patients whose cardiovascular system is already compromised by the primary pulmonary disease.
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