By examining extraorgan innervation of the pharyngeal-esophageal junction of adult cadavers, it was found that the risk of injury of the superior laryngeal nerve and its branches was very high during larynx resection and extirpation, lateral pharyngotomy, thyroid gland resection according to the method of A.V. Martynov, and Crile's operation. Esophageal branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve or the inferior laryngeal nerve can be damaged during larynx extirpation or strumectomy according to the method of O. V. Nikolaev. The nervous apparatus of the pharyngeal-esophageal junction consists of nerve bundles located in the adventitia, muscular layer, and submucous base.
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