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Mendelian randomization studies of risk and protective factors for osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Background: Mendelian randomization is believed to attenuate the biases inherent in observational studies, yet a meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies in osteoporosis has not been conducted thus far. This study aims to evaluate the connection between potential causal factors and the risk of osteoporosis by synthesizing evidence from Mendelian randomization studies.
Methods: The databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched for Mendelian randomization studies investigating factors influencing osteoporosis up to May 2024.
International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024: Insulin and Adjunctive Treatments in Children and Adolescents with Diabetes.
Horm Res Paediatr
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Rainbow Children's Hospital, Hyderabad, India.
The International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) guidelines represent a rich repository that serves as the only comprehensive set of clinical recommendations for children, adolescents, and young adults living with diabetes worldwide. This chapter builds on the 2022 ISPAD guidelines, and updates recommendations on the principles of intensive insulin regimens, including more intensive forms of multiple daily injections with new-generation faster-acting and ultra-long-acting insulins; a summary of adjunctive medications used alongside insulin treatment that includes details on pramlintide, metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors; and key considerations with regard to access to insulin and affordability to ensure that all persons with diabetes who need insulin can obtain it without financial hardship.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerspectives of People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Towards a Decision Aid Assessing Preferences of Glucose-Lowering Drugs: The Dilemma of Choosing.
Patient Prefer Adherence
January 2025
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Background: Treatment guidelines recommend metformin as initial drug in many people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and low risk of cardiovascular disease, with the possibility to switch to or add other drug classes. A decision aid (DA) could be useful to incorporate a patient's preferences in the decision of which drug class to choose. We developed such a DA and assessed the perspectives of people with T2D towards its comprehensibility and usability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffectively alleviate rheumatoid arthritis via maintaining redox balance, inducing macrophage repolarization and restoring homeostasis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes by metformin-derived carbon dots.
J Nanobiotechnology
January 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated synovial inflammation, synovial hyperplasia and fibrosis are the main characteristic of microenvironment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Macrophages and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) play crucial roles in the progression of RA. Hence, synergistic combination of ROS scavenging, macrophage polarization from pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype towards M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype, and restoring homeostasis of FLSs will provide a promising therapeutic strategy for RA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemoprevention Strategies for Precancerous Gastric Lesions Beyond Helicobacter pylori Eradication.
QJM
January 2025
Peking University Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Medical School (Xiyuan), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China.
Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant global health challenge, particularly in high-incidence regions like East Asia. Despite improvements in screening and treatment, the progressive nature of precancerous lesions-such as atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia-necessitates effective prevention strategies. This review evaluates the role of chemoprevention in GC, focusing on agents designed to target these precancerous lesions.
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