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IL-1 receptors mediate persistent, but not acute, airway hyperreactivity to ozone in guinea pigs. | LitMetric

IL-1 receptors mediate persistent, but not acute, airway hyperreactivity to ozone in guinea pigs.

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.

Published: December 2008

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Ozone exposure causes lasting airway hyperreactivity in humans and guinea pigs, initially mediated by eosinophils and changes in neuron function that increase acetylcholine release.
  • - Over time, the mechanisms of this hyperreactivity shift, leading to a paradoxical worsening of symptoms when eosinophils are depleted 3 days post-exposure.
  • - The IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra effectively mitigates ozone-induced hyperreactivity at 3 days but not at 1 day after exposure, suggesting IL-1 plays a crucial role in eosinophil activation and airway reactivity later on.

Article Abstract

Ozone exposure in the lab and environment causes airway hyperreactivity lasting at least 3 days in humans and animals. In guinea pigs 1 day after ozone exposure, airway hyperreactivity is mediated by eosinophils that block neuronal M(2) muscarinic receptor function, thus increasing acetylcholine release from airway parasympathetic nerves. However, mechanisms of ozone-induced airway hyperreactivity change over time, so that depleting eosinophils 3 days after ozone makes airway hyperreactivity worse rather than better. Ozone exposure increases IL-1beta in bone marrow, which may contribute to acute and chronic airway hyperreactivity. To test whether IL-1beta mediates ozone-induced airway hyperreactivity 1 and 3 days after ozone exposure, guinea pigs were pretreated with an IL-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra, 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) 30 minutes before exposure to filtered air or to ozone (2 ppm, 4 h). One or three days after exposure, airway reactivity was measured in anesthetized guinea pigs. The IL-1 receptor antagonist prevented ozone-induced airway hyperreactivity 3 days, but not 1 day, after ozone exposure. Ozone-induced airway hyperreactivity was vagally mediated, since bronchoconstriction induced by intravenous acetylcholine was not changed by ozone. The IL-1 receptor antagonist selectively prevented ozone-induced reduction of eosinophils around nerves and prevented ozone-induced deposition of extracellular eosinophil major basic protein in airways. These data demonstrate that IL-1 mediates ozone-induced airway hyperreactivity at 3 days, but not 1 day, after ozone exposure. Furthermore, preventing hyperreactivity was accompanied by decreased eosinophil major basic protein deposition within the lung, suggesting that IL-1 affects eosinophil activation 3 days after ozone exposure.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2586048PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2008-0045OCDOI Listing

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