Scientific misconduct in research.

Allegations of research misconduct, especially in federally-supported research, raise the specter of contentious, difficult confrontations. It is the obligation of the institution at which the research is conducted to ensure that a fair, competent, and thorough review of each allegation occurs. Recently revised Public Health Service research misconduct regulations set forth clear guidance and detailed requirements for institutional policies, inquiries, and investigations. Counsel to research institutions that receive federal support for research must be familiar with these regulations. Failure to prepare for, or respond quickly and compliantly to, allegations of research misconduct may result in injustice to an accused researcher, make definitive determinations impossible, expose an institution to regulatory penalties, and damage the reputation of both researchers and the institution.