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Examining homology between MPXV and immunogenic VACV-derived peptides.
Vaccine
January 2025
Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Electronic address:
The mpox virus (MPXV) came to global attention with the 2022 global outbreak. Current vaccination and post-exposure prophylaxis against MPXV consists of live vaccinia whole virus-based vaccines including ACAM2000®, JYNNEOS™, and LC16m8 originally developed against smallpox. Here, we analyzed 152 vaccinia-derived peptides we identified by mass spectrometry for homology with MPXV-1 and MPXV-2 sequences to evaluate their potential relevance to MPXV-specific immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Selectively Targets Human Cancer Cells With Low Expression of the Zinc-Finger Antiviral Protein.
J Med Virol
January 2025
National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Oncolytic viruses are emerging as promising cancer therapeutic agents, with several poxviruses, including vaccinia virus (VACV) and myxoma virus, showing significant potential in preclinical and clinical trials. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), a laboratory-derived VACV strain approved by the FDA for mpox and smallpox vaccination, has been shown to be incapable of replicating in human cells unless zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is repressed. Notably, ZAP deficiency is prevalent in various cancer types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffectiveness of Tecovirimat in Mpox Cases: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.
J Med Virol
December 2024
SR Sanjeevani Hospital, Kalyanpur, Siraha, Nepal.
Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, has re-emerged as a significant global health concern, particularly during the widespread outbreak of 2022. As an orthopoxvirus related to the eradicated smallpox virus, mpox has been primarily managed with smallpox vaccines and treatments, including the antiviral agent Tecovirimat. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tecovirimat in treating mpox, focusing on its use during the 2022 outbreak, especially among high-risk populations, including men who have sex with men and people living with HIV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmRNA vaccines: A promising platform for safer, more effective next-generation Orthopoxvirus immunization.
Cell Host Microbe
November 2024
Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
In recent work, Mucker et al. demonstrated that mRNA-1769 outperforms modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA), which has been deployed against recent mpox virus (MPXV) outbreaks, in reducing clinical symptoms and controlling viral replication, highlighting its potential as a scalable, safe, and effective next-generation platform for orthopoxvirus vaccination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Peculiar Emergence of Mpox (Monkeypox): Directions for the Search for the Natural Reservoir and Vaccination Strategies.
Vaccines (Basel)
October 2024
Institut Pasteur, Unité d'Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes, 75015 Paris, France.
Mpox (monkeypox) is a zoonosis with origins in a currently unknown African reservoir. The first epidemiological accounts of mpox date back to the early 1980s, yet mpox only emerged as a pandemic threat in 2022-2023, more than 40 years later. This scenario is very different from those of other emerging diseases such as HIV and SARS, which immediately spread globally, in fully susceptible populations, starting from patients zero.
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