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Brain macrophages in vascular health and dysfunction.
Trends Immunol
December 2024
Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Diverse macrophage populations inhabit the rodent and human central nervous system (CNS), including microglia in the parenchyma and border-associated macrophages (BAMs) in the meninges, choroid plexus, and perivascular spaces. These innate immune phagocytes are essential in brain development and maintaining homeostasis, but they also play diverse roles in neurological diseases. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles of CNS macrophages in regulating vascular function in health and disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChoroid plexus cysts on 7T MRI: Relationship to aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
7T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Translational Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
Introduction: The choroid plexus (CP) may play a crucial role in brain degeneration. We aim to assess whether CP cysts (CPCs), defined using ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), relate to aging and neurodegeneration.
Methods: We used multi-sequence 7T MRI to observe CPCs, characterizing their presence and characteristics in healthy younger controls, healthy older controls (OCs), patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and patients with uremic encephalopathy.
Role of immature choroid plexus in the pathology of model mice and human iPSC-derived organoids with autism spectrum disorder.
Cell Rep
December 2024
Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan. Electronic address:
During gestation, the choroid plexus (ChP) produces protein-rich cerebrospinal fluid and matures prior to brain development. It is assumed that ChP dysfunction has a profound effect on developmental neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the mechanisms linking immature ChP to the onset of ASD remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChorioretinal microvascular changes in slow flow coronary phenomenon: a multi-center study.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Retina Ward, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
We compared chorioretinal microvascular of Slow Coronary Flow Phenomenon (SCFP) patients using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) to healthy controls. We recruited 21 patients from September 2023 until January 2024 from two referral centers. We enrolled 21 age-sex-matched controls retrospectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColocalization of Ellipsoid Zone Disruption With Capillary Nonperfusion in Different Retinal Vascular Layers and Choriocapillaris on En Face OCT of Diabetic Patients.
Microcirculation
January 2025
Eye Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, Moheb Kowsar Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Purpose: To assess the colocalization of ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption with nonperfusion in choriocapillaris (CC), retinal superficial capillary plexus (SCP), and deep capillary plexus (DCP) in diabetic patients using en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA).
Methods: Macular OCT and OCTA scans (3 × 3 mm) of 41 patients with diabetic retinopathy were obtained using an RTVue XR Avanti instrument. After correcting the shadow artifacts, EZ integrity was assessed in the en face OCT slab using the Gaussian mixture model clustering method compared with the corresponding EZ en face OCT of 11 age-matched normal patients.
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