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Spectral CT-based nomogram for evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Eur Radiol

December 2024

Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.

Objectives: To establish a spectral CT-based nomogram for predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: This retrospective study included 172 patients with ESCC who underwent spectral CT scans before NAC followed by resection. Based on postoperative tumor regression grades (TRG), 34% (58) of patients were responsive (TRG1) and 66% (114) were non-responsive (TRG2-3).

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Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) poses a substantial healthcare challenge, particularly in areas such as East Asia. The pathologic nodal (pN) stage of ESCC remains a controversial factor. Accurately predicting overall survival (OS) after esophagectomy is crucial for treatment planning and improving treatment outcomes.

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Gastric cancer is common globally and has a generally poor prognosis with a low 5-year survival rate. Targeted therapies and immunotherapies have improved the treatment landscape, providing more options for efficacious treatment. The use of these therapies requires predictive biomarker testing to identify patients who can benefit from their use.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study investigates the effectiveness of single-slice versus multi-slice computed tomography (CT) methods in analyzing body composition in patients with oesophagogastric cancer, focusing on their correlation and impact on survival rates.
  • Researchers examined CT scans of 504 patients, comparing measurements of skeletal muscle, subcutaneous, visceral, and intermuscular adipose tissue, finding high correlation and narrow limits of agreement between the two methods.
  • Results indicate that both measurement techniques offer similar insights into body composition, suggesting that the clinical use of multi-slice analyses may be beneficial but requires further exploration for optimal application.
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Endoscopic examination plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract diseases. Despite advancements in endoscopic imaging, the detection of subtle early cancers and premalignant lesions using white-light imaging alone remains challenging. This review discusses two novel image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) techniques-texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) and red dichromatic imaging (RDI)-and their potential applications in UGI diseases.

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