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Purpose: Characterization of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin/progesterone (HPBCD/P) complex solid particles obtained from an aqueous solution, by three different technological processes, with the aim of preparing ready-to-dissolve powders for injectable as well as solid oral formulations in progestinic therapy.
Methods: HPBCD/P complex in the 2:1 molar ratio was prepared in aqueous solution and obtained as dry solid particles by freeze-drying, by spray-drying and by fluid-bed evaporation of the solvent. The particles were characterized by mu-FT-IR, mu-Raman and X-ray spectroscopy, by thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry-DSC and thermogravimetry-TGA), by Karl Fischer (KF) titration, by image and fractal analysis and by BET specific surface area analysis. The structure of the complex was also defined by comparison of FT-IR and Raman spectra of progesterone with those of pregnenolone and testosterone, structurally related. Dissolution tests were also performed.
Results: Powders of the complex obtained by the three different methods are different in size and shape. Particles obtained by freeze-drying are flat and angular, irregularly shaped without any relation to known geometrical solid figures. Particles obtained by spray-drying are spherically shaped and display a very small size (5-10 microm), with evident deformations and depression of the external surface, due to the rapid evaporation of the solvent. Particles obtained by fluid bed technique have intermediate sizes, display a tri-dimensional structure and irregular surface, with small and rounded protuberances. Fractal dimension of the particle contour was found close to one unit for the microspheres obtained by spray-drying. FT-IR and Raman spectra confirm the occurrence of the complexation by the shift of representative bands of the two carbonyl groups in positions 3 and 20 of the complexed progesterone. X-ray diffractograms indicate the amorphous nature of all the types of particles, also suggested by the absence of any melting peak of the drug in DSC thermograms. The samples contain different amounts of humidity: particles obtained by fluid-bed method demonstrated non-porous in BET analysis. Dissolution of different types of particles is complete after 3 min and only negligible differences could be appreciated among the three powders.
Conclusions: - mu-FT-IR, mu-Raman and X-ray spectroscopy, and the dissolution test did not reveal defined differences among the three different types of particles, confirming occurrence of the complex in the solid state. The spherical shape, the very small size and the low value of the contour fractal dimension allows better technological performance of the particles obtained by spray-drying: this drying process appears the most promising one to prepare dry particles of the HPBCD/P complex, in view of its formulation in the fast preparation of extemporaneous injectable solutions and solid oral formulations intended for sublingual delivery.
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Cell Biochem Biophys
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Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Tiruvallur, Chennai, 602025, Tamilnadu, India.
The present study introduces a minimalistic and cost-effective approach to synthesising Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using aqueous leaf extracts of Andrographis paniculata. In this synthesis, bioactive metabolites in the leaf extract act as reducing agents, converting Au³⁺ ions to metallic Au⁰, while proteins in the extract form a stabilising layer around the nanoparticles to prevent agglomeration and maintain particle size stability. The synthesised AuNPs were systematically characterised using a range of analytical techniques.
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December 2024
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom.
Aerosol droplets are unique microcompartments containing microscopic amounts of material and exhibiting surprising chemical reactivity. Although a diverse set of tools exists to characterize the chemical composition of individual submicron particles in air, comparatively fewer approaches can chemically analyze individual, airborne picolitre droplets. We describe a novel approach for mass spectrometric analysis of individual aqueous picolitre droplets (∼2-180 pL volume) containing down to ∼1 pg analyte mass per droplet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomater Appl
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College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Silicone contact lenses (SCL), as an emerging ocular drug delivery system, achieve controlled drug release. However, the existing drug loading methods have limitations such as low drug uptake, complicated operation process, poor welling rate and transmittance of the lens after drug loading. In this study, an effective microemulsion soaking method was proposed to increase the drug-loading capacity of silicone contact lenses.
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December 2024
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 29600 Lodi, Italy.
The widespread use of plastics in the food industry raises concerns about plastic migration and health risks. The degradation of primary polymers like polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) can generate nanoplastics (NPs), increasing food biohazard. This study assessed the impact of PS, PE, and PS + PE NPs on (CV) and (HP) before and after in vitro and ex vivo digestion, focusing on particle size, polydispersity index, and surface charge.
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December 2024
State key laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:
ASPN-1, a novel glucan with a molecular weight of 33.31 kDa, was purified from Acanthopanax senticosus stems, characterized in structure, and evaluated for antitumor potential. The analysis of the structure of ASPN-1 revealed that it consisted of a backbone constructed from →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → glucosyls, branched at the O-3 position by an α-D-Glcp-(1 → residue and at the O-6 positions with α-D-Glcp-(1 → 6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → and/or α-D-Glcp-(1 → residues.
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