HaloLex is a software system for the central management, integration, curation, and web-based visualization of genomic and other -omics data for any given microorganism. The system has been employed for the manual curation of three haloarchaeal genomes, namely Halobacterium salinarum (strain R1), Natronomonas pharaonis, and Haloquadratum walsbyi. HaloLex, in particular, enables the integrated analysis of genome-wide proteomic results with the underlying genomic data. This has proven indispensable to generate reliable gene predictions for GC-rich genomes, which, due to their characteristically low abundance of stop codons, are known to be hard targets for standard gene finders, especially concerning start codon assignment. The proteomic identification of more than 600 N-terminal peptides has greatly increased the reliability of the start codon assignment for Halobacterium salinarum. Application of homology-based methods to the published genome of Haloarcula marismortui allowed to detect 47 previously unidentified genes (a problem that is particularly serious for short protein sequences) and to correct more than 300 start codon misassignments.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00203-008-0389-z | DOI Listing |
Mol Cell
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Electronic address:
While most of the regulation of translation initiation occurs in the cytosol predominantly through phosphorylation, Ly et al. have discovered the first instance of regulation via protein concentration due to disruption of the nuclear membrane at mitosis. Only eIF1 appears to be involved in this regulation, and its release at mitosis enhances translational accuracy of start codon recognition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Background: APP duplications are a rare form of familial Alzheimer's disease (AD). Research has shown variability in clinical presentation with full duplications. There is limited information on those with partial duplications, especially in underrepresented minorities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEMBO J
January 2025
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Ribosomes scanning from the mRNA 5' cap to the start codon may initiate at upstream open reading frames (uORFs), decreasing protein biosynthesis. Termination at a uORF can lead to re-initiation, where 40S subunits resume scanning and initiate another translation event downstream. The noncanonical translation factors MCTS1-DENR participate in re-initiation at specific uORFs, but knowledge of other trans-acting factors or uORF features influencing re-initiation is limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Integrated Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, College of Preclinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China.
J Cell Biol
March 2025
Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
While membrane proteins such as ion channels continuously turn over and require replacement, the mechanisms of specificity of efficient channel delivery to appropriate membrane subdomains remain poorly understood. GJA1-20k is a truncated Connexin43 (Cx43) isoform arising from translation initiating at an internal start codon within the same parent GJA1 mRNA and is requisite for full-length Cx43 trafficking to cell borders. GJA1-20k does not have a full transmembrane domain, and it is not known how GJA1-20k enables forward delivery of Cx43 hemichannels.
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