Double-segment total vertebrectomy for the surgical treatment of congenital kyphoscoliosis: a case report.

Background Context: Congenital kyphosis or kyphoscoliosis is an uncommon deformity that usually is progressive without surgical intervention. In the lately diagnosed or neglected cases of congenital kyphoscoliosis, the patients may come with shoulder-trunk imbalance anomalies, severe deformity in coronal and sagittal plane, rib cage deformities, pelvic tilt, presence of intramedullary anomalies, neurological deficit, and difficulty in walking and cardiopulmonary problems.

Purpose: To present a technical note related with double-segment total vertebrectomy for the surgical treatment of a patient who had neglected congenital kyphoscoliosis in lumbar spine.

Study Design: Case report.

Methods: A 19-year-old girl had submitted to our center with complaints of deformity and pain in her back. Her physical examination revealed scoliosis and gibbosity in lumbar region. Her neurological examination was normal. In the radiological examination, X-ray films showed 42 degrees lumbar scoliosis in frontal plane and 35 degrees kyphotic curvature in the sagittal plane.

Results: Three-staged (posterior-anterior-posterior) surgery in the same session (same anesthesia) was performed.

Conclusion: Total or partial vertebrectomy on the apex of the deformity and the adjacent vertebral bodies along with anterior stabilization by means of a cylindrical cage combined in one operative procedure preceded by temporary posterior instrumentation and followed by posterior instrumentation and fusion may be preferred for the treatment of congenital kyphoscoliosis in neglected cases to provide spinal cord decompression.