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Toxic neuropathy.
Curr Opin Neurol
October 2011
MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, National Hospital, London, UK.
Purpose Of Review: The aim is to review the recent publications highlighting current areas of research on the subject of toxic and drug-related neuropathies.
Recent Findings: The emphasis in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is on trying to elucidate underlying mechanisms using neurophysiological techniques, such as excitability studies. These data are also being used to identify the earliest presymptomatic changes.
Strategies and experimental models for evaluating anesthetics: effects on the developing nervous system.
Anesth Analg
June 2008
Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/F3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079-9502, USA.
Advances in pediatric and obstetric surgery have resulted in an increase in the duration and complexity of procedures requiring anesthesia. It has been reported that anesthetic drugs cause widespread and dose-dependent apoptosis in the developing rat brain. The similarity of the physiology, pharmacology, metabolism, and reproductive systems of the nonhuman primate to that of the human, especially during pregnancy, make the monkey an exceptionally good animal model for assessing potential neurotoxic effects of anesthetics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Malignant hyperthermia].
Ugeskr Laeger
April 2003
Dansk Malign Hypertermi Center, Anaestesiologisk Afdeling, Amtssygehuset i Herlev, DK-2730 Herlev.
Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility is a rare pharmacogenetic muscular disorder that may lead to potentially fatal complications in routine anesthesia. Malignant hyperthermia is triggered by volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine. In this article the pathophysiology of malignant hyperthermia, its signs, symptoms and treatment as well as safe anesthetic agents for individuals susceptible to malignant hyperthermia are discussed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReinterpretation of the literature indicates differential sensitivities of long-sleep and short-sleep mice are not specific to alcohol.
Psychopharmacology (Berl)
February 1986
This paper reviews the findings and conclusions of the literature pertinent to the Long-Sleep and Short-Sleep selectively-bred lines of mice and challenges the widely-held notion that the selective breeding program was successful in separating alleles for specific sensitivities to just alcohol. Rather, it is argued that these lines of mice were selected for differing activity of a more general process. Recent evidence, as well as reevaluated previous evidence, indicates that Long-Sleep mice are more sensitive to the soporific effects of three major classes of CNS depressants (alcohols, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines), as well as many other anesthesia-inducing compounds (adenosine, chloral hydrate, trichloroethanol, paraldehyde, nitrous oxide, enflurane, and isoflurane).
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