Motivational deficits following acquired brain injury have been found to be both prevalent and particularly disabling. Despite this, relatively little attention has been given to such deficits. The development of self and informant versions of a new questionnaire measure of the changes in motivation that may occur following acquired brain injury is described. The measure demonstrates excellent psychometric properties including high test-retest (r = .90) and split-half reliability (.94), high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .94), and good concurrent validity. The study also demonstrates that the questionnaire is measuring a different domain to cognitive tests and tests of affect, but one that is predictive of brain injury outcome. There was moderate overlap between self-report and relative versions of the questionnaire (r = .41) but results suggest that the relative version has the stronger predictive value. The potential uses of the measure in relation to theory and practice are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13803390701555598 | DOI Listing |
Drug Des Devel Ther
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the protective effect of a clinical dose esketamine on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and to reveal the potential mechanisms associated with microglial polarization and autophagy.
Methods: Experimental cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in adult rats and simulated by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in BV-2 microglial cells. Neurological and sensorimotor function, cerebral infarct volume, histopathological changes, mitochondrial morphological changes, and apoptosis of ischemic brain tissues were assessed in the presence or absence of esketamine and the autophagy inducer rapamycin.
Neurophotonics
January 2025
California Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pasadena, California, United States.
Significance: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) are key metrics for regional cerebrovascular monitoring. Simultaneous, non-invasive measurement of CBF and CBV at different brain locations would advance cerebrovascular monitoring and pave the way for brain injury detection as current brain injury diagnostic methods are often constrained by high costs, limited sensitivity, and reliance on subjective symptom reporting.
Aim: We aim to develop a multi-channel non-invasive optical system for measuring CBF and CBV at different regions of the brain simultaneously with a cost-effective, reliable, and scalable system capable of detecting potential differences in CBF and CBV across different regions of the brain.
Ther Clin Risk Manag
January 2025
Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China.
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, often requiring emergency department (ED) management. Integrated Nursing Interventions play a critical role in the care of TBI patients, but limited research has evaluated their efficacy in this setting. This study aims to assess the impact of Integrated Nursing Interventions on patient outcomes and complications in the ED.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Today Bio
February 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumor, characterized by a high mortality rate and a poor prognosis. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-tumor barrier (BTB) present significant obstacles to the efficacy of tumor-targeted pharmacotherapy, thereby impeding the therapeutic potential of numerous candidate drugs. Targeting delivery of adequate doses of drug across the BBB to treat GBM has become a prominent research area in recent years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Anesthesiol Rep
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Purpose Of Review: We examine what is known, what is new, and what is emerging in acute neurotrauma relevant to the anesthesiologist.
Recent Findings: Timely and goal-directed care is critical for all patients requiring urgent/emergent anesthesia care. Anesthesia care for acute neurological injury should incorporate understanding the evolution of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury that translates to preoperative preparation, hemodynamic resuscitation, prevention of second insults, and safe transport between care settings.
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