Vulnerable plaque rupture is the main cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a representative cardiovascular thrombotic disease. Considering that the Western medical pathogenetic recognition on vulnerable plaque inflammatory reaction and thrombus formation is similar to the etiopathogenesis and clinical characteristics of toxin and stasis as well as the clinical manifestation of toxic-stasis in TCM, the authors believe that it is necessary to expand the previous TCM thinking on taking blood stasis as the main etiopathogenesis for ACS to that ACS is caused by the toxic-stasis induced vulnerable plaque rupture. Therefore to make sense, depending evidence-based medical principle, the relationship between toxic-stasis and vulnerable plaque forming and rupturing, and to form the clinical norm for diagnosis and treatment of toxic-stasis should be helpful for the prevention and control of ACS.
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Br J Hosp Med (Lond)
December 2024
Department of Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Ischemic stroke (IS), a cerebrovascular condition, is commonly detected by evaluating carotid intima-media (CIA) stenosis. Symptomatic CIA stenosis carries a high risk (up to 32%) of another ischemic event within 12 weeks, while asymptomatic CIA stenosis has an annual risk ranging from 1% to 2%. Therefore, this study aims to explore the diagnostic value of clinical features and carotid plaque characteristics in both symptomatic and asymptomatic IS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrasound Med Biol
January 2025
Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China; Departments of Medical Imaging, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, China. Electronic address:
Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque is a type of plaque that poses a significant risk of high mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. Ultrasound has long been used for carotid atherosclerosis screening and plaque assessment due to its safety, low cost and non-invasive nature. However, conventional ultrasound techniques have limitations such as subjectivity, operator dependence, and low inter-observer agreement, leading to inconsistent and possibly inaccurate diagnoses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Cardiol
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, China, Harbin 150086, China. Electronic address:
Background: The impact of glycemic control on the morphological characteristics of non-culprit lesions (NCLs) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear.
Methods And Results: A total of 800 AMI patients who underwent 3-vessel OCT were divided into three groups based on their serum glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels: poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (DM) (HbA1c ≥8.0 %, n = 79), well controlled DM (6.
Port J Card Thorac Vasc Surg
October 2024
RISE@Health, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, Porto, Portugal; Department of Biomedicine - Unit of Anatomy, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases affect 17.7 million people annually, worldwide. Carotid degenerative disease, commonly described as atherosclerotic plaque accumulation, significantly contributes to this, posing a risk for cerebrovascular events and ischemic strokes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMatrix Biol
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Research Services, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA. Electronic address:
Arterial endothelial cells (ECs) reside in a complex biomechanical environment. ECs sense and respond to wall shear stress. Low and oscillatory wall shear stress is characteristic of disturbed flow and commonly found at arterial bifurcations and around atherosclerotic plaques.
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