In 15 volunteers, the background EEG was registered from the right occipital area with eyes closed. Rhythmic photo-stimulation conjugated with a certain phase of the alpha-waves (10 phases) elicited responses that were compared by means of measurement of the alpha-wave average amplitude in each protocol. The wave shape was compared by asymmetry at the level of ascending and descending fronts. The shape changes were most obvious during the stimuli in middle of the descending front, the changes shrply differing from other 9 phases of the stimulation.
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Eur J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Background: Reduction of intracellular Na accumulation through late Na current inhibition has been recognized as a target for cardiac Ca handling which underlies myocardial contractility and relaxation in heart failure (HF). Riluzole, an Na channel blocker with enhancement of Ca-activated K channel function, used for management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is effective in suppressing Ca leak and therefore may improve cardiac function.
Objectives: The study aim was to investigate whether riluzole lowers HF incidence.
Navigating visually complex environments requires focusing on relevant information while filtering out (salient) distractions. The signal suppression hypothesis posits that salient stimuli generate an automatic saliency signal that captures attention unless overridden by learned suppression mechanisms. In support of this, ERP studies have demonstrated that salient stimuli that do not capture attention elicit a distractor positivity (PD), a putative neural index of suppression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroscience
January 2025
Center for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India. Electronic address:
Pain and itch are unpleasant and distinct sensations that give rise to behaviors such as reflexive withdrawal and scratching in humans and mice. Interestingly, it has been observed that pain modulate itch through the neural circuits housed in the brain and spinal cord. However, we are yet to fully understand the identities of, and mechanisms by which specific neural circuits mediate pain-induced modulation of itch.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFree Radic Biol Med
January 2025
Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan. Electronic address:
Enzymatically formed side-chain oxysterols function as signaling molecules regulating cholesterol homeostasis and act as intermediates in the biosynthesis of bile acids. In addition to these physiological functions, an imbalance in oxysterol homeostasis has been implicated in pathophysiology. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) and its product 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OHC), also formed by autoxidation, are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
January 2025
Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Cortical neurons in brain slices display intrinsic spike frequency adaptation (I-SFA) to constant current inputs, while extracellular recordings show extrinsic SFA (E-SFA) during sustained visual stimulation. Inferring how I-SFA contributes to E-SFA during behavior is challenging due to the isolated nature of slice recordings. To address this, we recorded macaque lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) neurons in vivo during a visually guided saccade task and in vitro in brain slices.
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