Objective: To study nutritional status in children with chronic bronchitis (CB) in relation with lung function.
Methods: In this cohort of study, 46 patients aged 6.0 to 17.5 years (mean: 11.9 years) with chronic bronchitis were recruited. None had cystic fibrosis. Body weight, height, skinfold thicknesses, percentage of ideal body weight-for-height (percentage of IBW), body mass index (BMI), BMI Z-score, fat mass and fat-free mass were used to evaluate nutritional status. Arterial blood gases, vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in one s (FEV1), functional residual capacity (FRC) and maximum inspiratory (Pi(max)) and expiratory (Pe(max)) pressures at the mouth were used to evaluate respiratory function.
Results: Thirteen children (28%) had malnutrition defined as percentage of IBW lower than 90%, with a predominant fat mass depletion. VC (65+/-13% versus 79+/-15%; p=0.006) and FEV1 (59+/-16% versus 69+/-14%; p=0.03) were significantly lower in children with malnutrition than in children without malnutrition, but no significant differences were observed with regard to the FEV1/VC ratio and blood gases. Pi(max) (56+/-11% versus 88+/-37%, p=0,02) and Pe(max) (46+/-12% versus 58+/-19%, p=0,3) were also lower in children with malnutrition as compared to than without malnutrition.
Conclusion: Malnutrition can be observed in children with CB and is associated with significant lower lung function parameters. This could be explained by decrease in respiratory muscle strength.
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