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Role of polyamines in intestinal mucosal barrier function.
Semin Immunopathol
January 2025
Dairy Science and Technology Institute, Kyodo Milk Industry Co. Ltd, 20-1 Hirai, Hinode-Machi, Nishitama-Gun, Tokyo, 190-0182, Japan.
The intestinal epithelium is a rapidly self-renewing tissue; the rapid turnover prevents the invasion of pathogens and harmful components from the intestinal lumen, preventing inflammation and infectious diseases. Intestinal epithelial barrier function depends on the epithelial cell proliferation and junctions, as well as the state of the immune system in the lamina propria. Polyamines, particularly putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, are essential for many cell functions and play a crucial role in mammalian cellular homeostasis, such as that of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and maintenance, through multiple biological processes, including translation, transcription, and autophagy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInteraction of human gut microbiota and local immune system in progression of colorectal adenoma (MIMICA-1): a protocol for a prospective, observational cohort study.
Front Oncol
January 2025
Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephro-Urology, and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Introduction: The current understanding of colorectal carcinogenesis is based on the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, where genetics, intestinal microbiota changes and local immunity shifts seem to play the key roles. Despite the emerging evidence of dysbiotic intestinal state and immune-cell infiltration changes in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, early and advanced adenoma as precursors of colorectal cancer, and carcinoma as the following progression, are rather less studied. The newly colon-site adapted AI-based analysis of immune infiltrates is able to predict long-term outcomes of colon carcinoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMachine learning classification and biochemical characteristics in the real-time diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma using Raman spectroscopy.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Department of Medical Device Development, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
This study aimed to identify biomolecular differences between benign gastric tissues (gastritis/intestinal metaplasia) and gastric adenocarcinoma and to evaluate the diagnostic power of Raman spectroscopy-based machine learning in gastric adenocarcinoma. Raman spectroscopy-based machine learning was applied in real-time during endoscopy in 19 patients (aged 51-85 years) with high-risk for gastric adenocarcinoma. Raman spectra were captured from suspicious lesions and adjacent normal mucosa, which were biopsied for matched histopathologic diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the interplay between spp. infection and the host: understanding the dynamics of gut barrier function.
Vet Q
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College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
Coccidiosis is a global disease caused by protozoans, typically including spp., which pose a significant threat to the normal growth and development of young animals. Coccidiosis affects mainly the gut, where parasite proliferation occurs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuccessful Resection of Small Intestinal Stenosis After Treatment With an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor for Metastatic Lung Cancer in the Small Intestine: A Case Report.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shin-Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kanagawa, JPN.
Gastrointestinal (GI) metastases from lung cancer are relatively rare, and their management strategies and outcomes in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors are unknown. A 59-year-old man with lung cancer was hospitalized. He presented with vomiting due to a small intestinal metastasis.
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