The effect of desipramine 150 mg daily on platelet [3H]imipramine and alpha 2-adrenoceptor binding sites was studied over a 6-week period and for 6 weeks after withdrawal. Modest (10%) increases in [3H]imipramine binding site densities during treatment were noted with a decrease between 1 and 4 weeks after withdrawal. No effect was found on alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Time of day appeared to have some effect on the results found. None of the [3H]imipramine binding site effects of desipramine, on treatment or following withdrawal, was comparable in magnitude to trait differences that were also found between subjects.
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J Leukoc Biol
October 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, Ohio 45435, United States.
Thermal burn injuries can result in significant morbidity and mortality. The combination of ethanol intoxication with thermal burn injury results in increased morbidity through an exaggerated inflammatory response involving many organs. Recent studies have linked involvement of the lipid mediator platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the pathology associated with intoxicated thermal burn injury (ITBI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotochem Photobiol
September 2024
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
Photosensitivity can be due to numerous causes. The photosensitivity associated with deficiency of xeroderma pigmentosum type A (XPA) has been previously shown to be associated with excess levels of the lipid mediator platelet-activating factor (PAF) generated by the keratinocyte. As PAF has been reported to trigger the production of subcellular microvesicle particles (MVP) due to the enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase), the goal of these studies was to discern if PAF and aSMase could serve as therapeutic targets for the XPA deficiency photosensitivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Physiol Biochem
May 2011
Department of Biological Chemistry, Viale G. Colombo 3, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of numerous neuro-physiological processes. The circulating level of 5-HT is regulated by the membrane transporter SERT present both in the presynaptic nerve terminals and blood platelets. 5-HT transport is a process tightly regulated by a variety of factors including protein phosphorylation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Rheum Dis
July 2009
Department of Medicine, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
The classical clinical picture of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is characterized by venous and arterial thrombosis, fetal losses and thrombocytopenia in the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies and/or lupus anticoagulant. APS can occur either as a primary disorder or secondary to a connective tissue disease, most frequently systemic lupus erythematosus. Central nervous system involvement is one of the most prominent clinical manifestations of APS, and includes thrombotic events, psychiatric features and a variety of other non-thrombotic neurological syndromes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Respir J
August 2010
Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, Germany.
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a mediator of pulmonary oedema in acute lung injury that increases vascular permeability within minutes, partly through activation of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). Since caveolae are rich in sphingomyelin and caveolin-1, which block endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) by direct binding, we examined the relationship between ASM, caveolin-1 and eNOS activity in the regulation of vascular permeability by PAF. In caveolar fractions from pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (isolated from perfused rat lungs) the abundance of caveolin-1 and eNOS increased rapidly after PAF perfusion.
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