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DS2 designer pre-fusion F vaccine induces strong and protective antibody response against RSV infection.
NPJ Vaccines
December 2024
Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Pandemic Research Alliance Unit, Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
DS-Cav1, SC-TM, and DS2 are distinct designer pre-fusion F proteins (pre-F) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) developed for vaccines. However, their immunogenicity has not been directly compared. In this study, we generated three recombinant vaccines using the chimpanzee adenovirus vector AdC68 to express DS-Cav1, SC-TM, and DS2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhat have we learned from animal studies of immune responses to respiratory syncytial virus infection?
J Clin Virol
December 2024
Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) commonly causes severe respiratory infections, especially in infants and vulnerable populations, and predicting its clinical course can be challenging as many severe cases occur in healthy individuals.
- Recent advancements in RSV vaccines and monoclonal antibodies make it crucial to identify high-risk people who would benefit from preventive treatments.
- Research using animal models has revealed complex immune responses to RSV, suggesting that specific immune system components and genetic markers may help in predicting disease severity and identifying at-risk patients for future studies.
Epidemiological Consequences of Individual Centrality on Wild Chimpanzees.
Am J Primatol
December 2024
IPHC UMR 7178, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
Article Synopsis
- Disease outbreaks pose significant risks to great apes and wildlife, and understanding social networks is crucial for predicting how diseases spread among these populations.
- The study focused on wild chimpanzees and explored how individual traits like sex and age influence their social connections and role in disease transmission.
- Results revealed that older males are more socially central, which affects their likelihood of infection, especially for highly transmissible pathogens with longer infectious periods, emphasizing the need to consider social dynamics in disease outbreak research.
Mucosal adenovirus vaccine boosting elicits IgA and durably prevents XBB.1.16 infection in nonhuman primates.
Nat Immunol
October 2024
Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
A mucosal route of vaccination could prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication at the site of infection and limit transmission. We compared protection against heterologous XBB.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMucosal immunization with ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S prevents sequential transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to unvaccinated hamsters.
Sci Adv
August 2024
Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
COVID-19 vaccines have successfully reduced severe disease and death after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Nonetheless, COVID-19 vaccines are variably effective in preventing transmission and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we evaluated the impact of mucosal or intramuscular vaccine immunization on airborne infection and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters.
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