Ovarian malignancies occurring in the setting of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma syndrome typically present in young women, often as the first or "sentinel" cancer, but the frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI) and mismatch repair (MMR) defects in ovarian surface epithelial malignancies in women
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Early treatment discontinuation in patients with deficient mismatch repair or microsatellite instability high metastatic colorectal cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.
J Immunother Cancer
January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are recommended to treat patients with deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability high (dMMR/MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Pivotal trials have fixed a maximum ICI duration of 2 years, without a compelling rationale. A shorter treatment duration has the potential to improve patients' quality of life and reduce both toxicity and cost without compromising efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLongitudinal circulating tumor DNA monitoring in predicting response to short-course radiotherapy followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and camrelizumab in locally advanced rectal cancer: data from a Phase Ⅲ clinical trial (UNION).
Cancer Lett
January 2025
Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan 430022, China. Electronic address:
This study, conducted as part of a multicenter phase III clinical trial, aimed to assess the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-based minimal residual disease (MRD) in comparing the efficacy of short-course and long-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). A total of 244 plasma samples from 79 LARC patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) before surgery were collected at various time points. Targeted deep sequencing using a novel MRD panel was performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring novel therapeutic targets in small bowel adenocarcinoma: insights from claudin 18.2, nectin-4, and HER3 expression analysis.
ESMO Open
January 2025
Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Background: Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare malignancy with few established chemotherapy options and a dismal prognosis. We investigated the expression of claudin 18.2, nectin-4, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3), and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in SBA to identify potential antibody drug targets and analyzed associated clinicopathological features and prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIDO1 inhibitor enhances the effectiveness of PD-1 blockade in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer by promoting macrophage pro-inflammatory phenotype polarization.
Cancer Immunol Immunother
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) is a subtype of CRC that generally exhibits resistance to immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors such as PD-1 blockade. This study investigates the effects and underlying mechanisms of combining PD-1 blockade with IDO1 inhibition in MSS CRC. Bioinformatics analyses of TCGA-COAD and TCGA-READ cohorts revealed significantly elevated IDO1 expression in CRC tumors, correlating with tumor mutation burden across TCGA datasets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: Studies of the genetics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have largely focused on single nucleotide variants and short insertions/deletions. However, much of the disease heritability has yet to be uncovered, suggesting that other forms of genetic variation promote substantial portions of genetic risk. Uncovering the genetic basis of AD can lead to new disease biomarkers and delineate disease mechanisms.
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