Cellular envelope phospholipids from Legionella lytica.

The composition of phospholipids from the cellular envelope of Legionella lytica grown on artificial medium was determined by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine were the predominant phospholipids, while diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidyl-N,N-dimethylethanolamine were present at low concentrations. A trace amount of lipids carrying glycosyl residues was also observed. The fatty acids and their distribution in individual phospholipids were characterized using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight, and gas chromatography/MS methods. The characteristic feature of L. lytica phospholipids was the presence of an unbranched chain (which differentiates this bacterium from Legionella pneumophila) and branched iso and anteiso fatty acids as well as cis-9,10-methylenehexadecanoic acid. According to spectroscopic LC/MS data, the localization of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid residues on phosphorylglycerol was determined. Some aspects of the significance of phosphatidylcholine, one of the main phospholipids in L. lytica, are addressed and taxonomic implications of the data are discussed.