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Glabridin Hypnosis in Zebrafish Larvae Is Associated With Effects on Multiple Anesthetic Target Receptors.
Anesth Analg
November 2024
From the Department of Anesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Background: R-Glabridin is a major flavonoid of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root and known to modulate GABAA receptors, which are targets of many clinical hypnotics. However, R-glabridin hypnotic activity has not been reported in animals.
Methods: Inverted photomotor responses (IPMRs) were used to assess the hypnotic effects of natural R-glabridin and synthetic R/S-glabridin in wild-type zebrafish larvae and transgenic larvae lacking functional GABAA receptor β3 subunits (β30/0).
Interneuron FGF13 regulates seizure susceptibility via a sodium channel-independent mechanism.
Elife
January 2025
Cardiovascular Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, United States.
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs), a class of devastating neurological disorders characterized by recurrent seizures and exacerbated by disruptions to excitatory/inhibitory balance in the brain, are commonly caused by mutations in ion channels. Disruption of, or variants in, were implicated as causal for a set of DEEs, but the underlying mechanisms were clouded because is expressed in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, undergoes extensive alternative splicing producing multiple isoforms with distinct functions, and the overall roles of FGF13 in neurons are incompletely cataloged. To overcome these challenges, we generated a set of novel cell-type-specific conditional knockout mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOperando real-space imaging of a structural phase transformation in the high-voltage electrode LiNiMnO.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Discontinuous solid-solid phase transformations play a pivotal role in determining the properties of rechargeable battery electrodes. By leveraging operando Bragg Coherent Diffractive Imaging (BCDI), we investigate the discontinuous phase transformation in LiNiMnO within an operational Li metal coin cell. Throughout Li-intercalation, we directly observe the nucleation and growth of the Li-rich phase within the initially charged Li-poor phase in a 500 nm particle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep two-photon voltage imaging with adaptive excitation.
Res Sq
December 2024
School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Optical imaging of neuronal voltage dynamics is invaluable to studying brain functions. However, high-speed imaging at significant depth is challenging due to the limitations of the short pixel dwell time and the maximum permissible excitation power in tissues. We report high-speed, deep voltage imaging by applying adaptive excitation, which illuminates the regions of interest only.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeriodic ER-plasma membrane junctions support long-range Ca signal integration in dendrites.
Cell
January 2025
HHMI Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA. Electronic address:
Neuronal dendrites must relay synaptic inputs over long distances, but the mechanisms by which activity-evoked intracellular signals propagate over macroscopic distances remain unclear. Here, we discovered a system of periodically arranged endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane (ER-PM) junctions tiling the plasma membrane of dendrites at ∼1 μm intervals, interlinked by a meshwork of ER tubules patterned in a ladder-like array. Populated with Junctophilin-linked plasma membrane voltage-gated Ca channels and ER Ca-release channels (ryanodine receptors), ER-PM junctions are hubs for ER-PM crosstalk, fine-tuning of Ca homeostasis, and local activation of the Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
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