This prospective, randomized study was carried out in the Orthopaedic Traumatology service, Hôpital Bichat, from March 1987 to June 1989 in order to compare the efficacy of an antibiotic prophylaxis either with cefotiam in "flash" administration or with cefazolin in continued administration (48 hours). This study included 207 patients undergoing a total hip or knee-joint replacement. The both groups (89 patients with cefotiam, 118 patients with cefazolin) were comparable with regard to all criteria. The general and local evolution did not show statistical significant difference in the occurrence of complications in the both groups. No infectious complication occurred after the operation for the two groups. Then, cefotiam, in "flash" administration (2 g with the anesthetic induction) proves to be as effective as a conventional antibiotic prophylaxis with cefazolin in the prevention of infectious complications in orthopaedic surgery.
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