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Challenges Associated With PFAS Detection Method in Africa.
Environ Health Insights
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Article Synopsis
- PFAS are man-made chemicals found in many industries that pose environmental and public health risks, but monitoring them in Africa is hindered by a lack of mass spectrometry (MS) instruments.
- The review highlights that few African countries have adequate access to MS, leading to significant underreporting of PFAS data and related health issues.
- To improve monitoring efforts, the study calls for financial support for MS instruments, the establishment of regional centers of excellence, and investment in training programs for effective PFAS management.
Intrinsic and environmental drivers of pairwise cohesion in wild Canis social groups.
Ecology
December 2024
Wildlife Research and Monitoring Section, Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
Animals within social groups respond to costs and benefits of sociality by adjusting the proportion of time they spend in close proximity to other individuals in the group (cohesion). Variation in cohesion between individuals, in turn, shapes important group-level processes such as subgroup formation and fission-fusion dynamics. Although critical to animal sociality, a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing cohesion remains a gap in our knowledge of cooperative behavior in animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDefining Golden Batches in Biomanufacturing Processes From Internal Metabolic Activity to Detect Process Changes That May Affect Product Quality.
Biotechnol Bioeng
February 2025
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Division Pharmaceutical Quality Research VI, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Cellular metabolism plays a role in the observed variability of a drug substance's Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) made by biomanufacturing processes. Therefore, here we describe a new approach for monitoring biomanufacturing processes that measures a set of metabolic reaction rates (named Critical Metabolic Parameters (CMP) in addition to the macroscopic process conditions currently being used as Critical Process Parameters (CPP) for biomanufacturing. Constraint-based systems biology models like Flux Balance Analysis (FBA) are used to estimate metabolic reaction rates, and metabolic rates are used as inputs for multivariate Batch Evolution Models (BEM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhototriggered Hydrogen Persulfide Donors via Hydrosulfide Radical Formation Enhancing the Reactive Sulfur Metabolome in Cells.
J Am Chem Soc
November 2024
Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States.
Hydrogen persulfide (HS) is an important sulfur-containing signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in the homeostasis of various organ systems, such as the renal, cardiovascular, liver, and gastrointestinal systems. However, research on HS in biological settings is still challenging due to its instability and high reactivity. Compounds that can controllably release HS (also known as donors) are thus crucial research tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSimulating PFAS transport in effluent-irrigated farmland using PRZM5, LEACHM, and HYDRUS-1D models.
J Environ Qual
January 2025
School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * This study aimed to evaluate three models (PRZM5, LEACHM, and HYDRUS-1D) for predicting PFAS distribution in soil at a site in Pennsylvania that has used wastewater effluent for years.
- * Results showed that while PRZM5 struggled to accurately predict PFOS behavior, LEACHM and HYDRUS-1D effectively captured PFAS retention, highlighting the importance of modeling both unsaturated flow and adsorption at the air-water interface for long-term predictions.
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