Clinical studies revealed that azithromycin reduces airway neutrophilia during chronic rejection after lung transplantation. Our aim was to investigate the possible effect of azithromycin on ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Azithromycin or water was administered to mice every other day during 2 weeks (n = 6/group). On the 14th day, the left lung was clamped to induce ischaemia (90 min). In two additional groups, animals underwent the same protocol, followed by 4 h of reperfusion. Two control groups were included with thoracotomy only. Inflammatory parameters and oxidative stress were measured in broncho-alveolar lavage of the left lung. Leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, 8-isoprostane and IL-1beta levels after ischaemia and reperfusion were significantly reduced in mice treated with azithromycin. There was a trend towards lower IL-6 and KC levels. A significant correlation was seen between 8-isoprostanes and neutrophils (Pearson r = 0.72; P = 0.0086), IL-6 (Pearson r = 0.84; P = 0.0006), KC (Pearson r = 0.88; P = 0.0002) and IL-1beta (Pearson r = 0.62; P = 0.0326). We conclude (i) that azithromycin reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in our IRI model, and (ii) that oxidative stress is correlated with the number of neutrophils and IL-6, KC and IL-1beta levels after ischaemia and reperfusion. Azithromycin should be further investigated as a novel drug to prevent lung ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-2277.2008.00670.x | DOI Listing |
J Glob Antimicrob Resist
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; ESCMID Study Group for Legionella Infections (ESGLI), Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Background: Although antimicrobial resistance has not yet emerged as an overarching problem for Legionella pneumophila (Lp) infection, the description of clinical and environmental strains resistant to fluoroquinolones and macrolides is a cause of concern. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Lp human isolates in Italy.
Methods: A total of 204 Lp clinical isolates were tested for sensitivity to nine antibiotics using the broth microdilution assay (BMD).
Microbiol Spectr
January 2025
Institute for Microbial Systems and Society, Faculty of Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Unlabelled: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat. The identification and characterization of novel resistance genes is integral to AMR surveillance. The (55) gene was originally identified through whole genome sequencing of macrolide-resistant strains of .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegen Biomater
December 2024
Department of Endodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral Soft and Hard Tissues Restoration and Regeneration, Tianjin 300070, PR China.
Periodontitis, a widespread inflammatory disease, is the major cause of tooth loss in adults. While mechanical periodontal therapy benefits the periodontal disease treatment, adjunctive periodontal therapy is also necessary. Topically applied anti-inflammatory agents have gained considerable attention in periodontitis therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Clin Nutr
January 2025
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Background: Protein requirements established for healthy populations may be insufficient to support healthy growth in infants consuming largely cereal-based complementary foods and frequently exposed to enteric pathogens.
Objective: To assess independent and combined effects of protein supplementation and antibiotic treatment on linear growth of infants from 6-12 months of age.
Design: We conducted a 2 x 4 factorial cluster-randomized trial in northwestern Bangladesh, allocating 566 clusters to masked azithromycin (10 mg·kg * 3 d) or placebo at 6 and 9 months of age, and unmasked delivery of an egg white protein-rich blended food supplement (250 kcal; 10 g added protein), a rice-based isocaloric supplement, egg, or nutrition education from 6-12 months.
Microorganisms
December 2024
Intelligence for Primary Care Research Group, Foundation University Institute for Primary Health Care Research Jordi Gol i Gurina, 08242 Manresa, Spain.
No hospitalizations or deaths occurred in residents with the COVID-19 infection, treated with antihistamines and azithromycin, of two external nursing homes during the first wave. We assessed whether patients receiving chronic antihistamines in our institution showed better clinical evolution. COVID-19 admissions and related deaths in the public Hospital of Terrassa ( = 1461) during the pandemic period (11 March 2020-5 May 2023) and cases ( = 32,888) during the period of full suspicion diagnosis (1 June 2020-23 March 2022) were referred to as the number of chronic treatments (nT) including or not including antihistamines (AntiHm or NOAntiHm), and their vaccination status before the first infection (VAC or NoVAC) in our assigned population ( = 140,681 at March 2020) was recorded.
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