Uranyl-specific binding at a functionalised interface: a chemophotonic fibre optic sensor platform.

Detection of radiological materials in the solution phase is restricted by conventional radiation-counting techniques owing to extreme attenuation. Chemical sensing of the resultant radiological species such as uranyl UO(2)(2+) is possible on the surface of a plastic or glass fibre optic. A dihydroxy isoamethryin complex is tethered to the fibre surface which has a large extinction coefficient (119 000 M(-1) cm(-1) at lambda = 439 nm) and changes colour upon binding UO(2)(2+). The spectral changes are greater on the surface than in solution and binding is specific to UO(2)(2+) with small interferences from Gd(3+). Monitoring the spectral response in three detector bands in the red, green and blue enable the optical power change to be measured with sensitivities of 1 mdB, allowing UO(2)(2+) to be detected confidently at 50-100 ppb levels. Real-time kinetic analysis enables discrimination between the target species and possible interferents.