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Quantitative Contribution of Clinical Attacks to Residual Disability in Patients With AQP4-Antibody Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.
Neurology
January 2025
From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (B.C., A.F., R.G., M.I.S.L., J.P.), Oxford University Hospitals, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.C.), Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science of Technology, Wuhan, China; University Hospitals Sussex National Health Service Foundation Trust (S.A.C.), Brighton; Centre for Preventive Neurology (R.D.), Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (Y.H.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London; Department of Paediatric Neurology (Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London; Department of Neurology (C. Halfpenny), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (C. Hemingway), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London and Institute of Neurology; Department of Neurology (J.C.H.), University of Plymouth Faculty of Health and University Hospitals; Department of Ophthalmology (E.O.S.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London; Department of Neurology (W.R.), St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London; Department of Neurology (R.J.M.), Gloucestershire Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (V.W.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London; Department of Neurology (V.W.), Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London; Department of Paediatric Neurology (S.R.), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; and Neurology Department (R.G.), Wexham Park Hospital, Frimley Foundation Health Trust, Slough, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how clinical attacks contribute to ongoing disability in patients with aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD).
- A total of 165 patients were analyzed using disability scores recorded after at least six months post-attack, with findings showing a significant increase in disability scores correlating with the number and type of relapses.
- Results indicated that specific relapse types, particularly the combination of transverse myelitis and optic neuritis, had the most substantial impact on increasing residual disability.
Spectrum of Auto-antibodies in NMO and MOG Associated CNS Demyelination- The SANMAD Study.
J Neuroimmunol
November 2024
Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * Out of 250 cases, NMOSD had a higher rate of autoantibody positivity (25.5%) compared to MOGAD (12.2%), and double antibody positivity was also more common in NMOSD (5.9% vs. 1.4%).
- * The study found that NMOSD patients with positive autoant
Innovation and optimization in autoimmune encephalitis trials: the design and rationale for the Phase 3, randomized study of satralizumab in patients with NMDAR-IgG-antibody-positive or LGI1-IgG-antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis (CIELO).
Front Neurol
August 2024
Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Article Synopsis
- - Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by brain inflammation, often linked to specific autoantibodies; currently, there are no approved treatments for AIE despite the involvement of interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling in its pathology.
- - The CIELO study aims to test the efficacy and safety of satralizumab, an IL-6 receptor-targeting monoclonal antibody, in patients with specific types of AIE, using a randomized, double-blind design with 152 participants.
- - The study will follow a 52-week treatment period with possible extensions, enabling participants to receive either the study drug, placebo, or additional treatment options depending on the
Sex ratio and age of onset in AQP4 antibody-associated NMOSD: a review and meta-analysis.
J Neurol
August 2024
School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.
Background: Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody-associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an antibody-mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. We have undertaken a systematic review and meta-analysis to ascertain the sex ratio and mean age of onset for AQP4 antibody associated NMOSD. We have also explored factors that impact on these demographic data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSerum Proteomics Distinguish Subtypes of NMO Spectrum Disorder and MOG Antibody-Associated Disease and Highlight Effects of B-Cell Depletion.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
July 2024
From the Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program (S.G., G.K., R.M.K., K.M., J.M.G., Y.M.-D., G.P., R.C.A.), Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (S.G., R.C.A.), Oklahoma University Health Science Center; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center (N.S., K.R., P.S., M.H., F.P.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Department of Neurology (N.S., K.R., P.S., M.H., F.P.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
Background And Objectives: AQP4 antibody-positive NMOSD (AQP4-NMOSD), MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), and seronegative NMOSD (SN-NMOSD) are neuroautoimmune conditions that have overlapping clinical manifestations. Yet, important differences exist in these diseases, particularly in B-cell depletion (BCD) efficacy. Yet, the biology driving these differences remains unclear.
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