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Implementation of Mass Drug Administration for Lymphatic Filariasis in Madagascar: The Progress, Effectiveness and Financial Savings of Integrating into an Existing Polio Campaign.
Res Rep Trop Med
December 2024
Madagascar Country Office, World Health Organization, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Introduction: This paper presents (a) the progress made towards achieving the 2023 Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) Mass Drug Administration (MDA) campaign goals, (b) the estimated financial savings resulting from integrating LF MDA into Polio immunization campaigns, and (c) the best practices, challenges, and recommendations.
Methods: In 2023, 21,336,057 people in 83 districts were affected by LF and required Preventive Chemotherapy (PC). The National NTD Control Programme (NTDCP) conducted three phases of LF MDA campaigns in those districts.
Epidemiology of Lymphatic Filariasis Antigen and Microfilaria in Samoa, 2019: 7-9 Months Post Triple-Drug Mass Administration.
Trop Med Infect Dis
December 2024
Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
The elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) as a public health problem remains an ongoing challenge in the Pacific region. This study reports on antigen (Ag) and microfilaria (Mf) prevalence in Samoa in 2019, 7-9 months after the completion of the first round of triple-drug mass drug administration (MDA). It evaluates the effectiveness of the intervention for reducing Ag prevalence to below a 2% threshold, and how this differs between 5-9-year-olds and ≥10-year-olds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHyaluronic acid-functionalized supramolecular nanophotosensitizers for targeted photoimmunotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer.
J Nanobiotechnology
December 2024
Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is recognized as a particularly aggressive subtype of breast cancer that is devoid of effective therapeutic targets. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated promising results in TNBC treatment. Nonetheless, most patients either develop resistance to ICIs or fail to respond to them initially.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoupling antigens from multiple subtypes of influenza can broaden antibody and T cell responses.
Science
December 2024
Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
The seasonal influenza vaccine contains strains of viruses from distinct subtypes that are grown independently and then combined. However, most individuals exhibit a more robust response to one of these strains and thus are vulnerable to infection by others. By studying a monozygotic twin cohort, we found that although prior exposure is a factor, host genetics are a stronger driver of subtype bias to influenza viral strains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesigning and comparative analysis of anti-oxidant and heat shock proteins based multi-epitopic filarial vaccines.
BMC Infect Dis
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
Background: Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease affecting more than 882 million people in 44 countries of the world. A multi-epitope prophylactic/therapeutic vaccination targeting filarial defense proteins would be invaluable to achieve the current LF elimination goal.
Method: Two groups of proteins, namely Anti-oxidant (AO) and Heat shock proteins (HSPs), have been implicated in the effective survival of the filarial parasites in their hosts.
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