Polysaccharide and lipid A are responsible for the wide-ranging pharmacological activity of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The alterations in LPS structure result in various effects on different functions of the target cells. The effects of LPS substructures, the polysaccharide (P) and lipid A (L) from E. coli on the innate mechanisms of human leucocytes were examined and compared in this study. Incubation of leucocytes with LPS and L and P analogues (1 and 100 microg/ml) enhanced their biological activity in dependence on their structure. These results showed that LPS was a less active immunomodulator of leucocytes than L and P analogues isolated from E. coli strains adapted to antimicrobial agents.
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