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Ecological erosion and expanding extinction risk of sharks and rays.
Science
December 2024
College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Assessing ocean biodiversity is challenging, with limited global indicators highlighting overfishing as a major threat, impacting shark and ray populations.
- Analysis of 1199 species shows their populations have declined by 50% since 1970, with a 19% increase in extinction risk, particularly in regions with high coastal human populations.
- Sustainable fishing practices and restrictions on threatened species can help prevent further biodiversity loss and maintain ecological balance in marine environments.
Physiological responses to capture, handling and tagging in the critically endangered flapper skate ().
Conserv Physiol
November 2024
Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, Gatty Marine Laboratory, Institiud Chuantan na h-Alba, East Sands, St Andrews, Scotland, KY16 8LB, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Catch-and-release angling, while popular and important for research, can cause significant physiological stress in fish, especially in the understudied flapper skate.
- A study in Scotland found that flapper skates showed mild metabolic and respiratory acidosis due to angling, with increased stress linked to warmer temperatures and longer fight times.
- To minimize stress and improve survival rates, it's recommended to reduce fight times and handling by employing techniques like shading and irrigation during the capture process.
Direct hearing measurements in a baleen whale suggest ultrasonic sensitivity.
Science
November 2024
US Navy Marine Mammal Program, Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, CA USA.
Predicting and mitigating the impacts of anthropogenic ocean noise on marine animals is hindered by a lack of information on hearing in these species. We established a catch-and-release program to temporarily hold adolescent minke whales () for hearing tests during their summer migration. In 2023, two minke whales provided measures of the auditory brainstem response and data on the frequency range of their hearing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"Catch-and-feed": Janus catalytic flow-through membrane enables highly efficient removal of micropollutants in water.
Water Res
January 2025
Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Linde-Robinson Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * The JCFM combines an electrocatalytic layer (Pt@rTO), a porous titanium current collector, and a photocatalytic layer (rTO) to optimize the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improve mass transfer, leading to high degradation rates of AZX compared to traditional methods.
- * In tests, the JCFM showed over 97
Which failures do patient-specific quality assurance systems need to catch?
Med Phys
January 2025
Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Background: The Joint AAPM-ESTRO TG-360 is developing a quantitative framework to evaluate treatment verification systems used for patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA). A subgroup was commissioned to determine which potential failure modes had the greatest risk to treatment quality and safety, and therefore should be evaluated as part of the PSQA verification.
Purpose: To create an extensive database of potential radiotherapy failure modes that should be detected by PSQA and to determine their relative importance for maximizing treatment quality.
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