[Cytochromes P-450, drug disease, and personified medicine. Part I].

The review summarizes data on the molecular basis of medication metabolism, factors forming the personal profile of cytochrome P-450, methods to estimate the activity of the monooxygenase system, and problems of medication interference and therapeutic pharmacomonitoring, forming the basis of personified medicine. Special attention is paid to the cytochrome-P-450-containing hepatic system, responsible for inter-individual differences after administration of medications in therapeutic doses. Factors influencing the condition of the monooxygenase system: cytochrome P-450 genetic polymorphism, inducing of inhibition of these systems by medications, and crisscross substrate specificity of cytochrome P-450 are considered. Different methodical approaches (genomic and proteomic ones, bioelectrochemical nanotechnologies, and therapeutic pharmacomonitoring) to obtaining full information on cytochrome P-450 for each individual are compared. The article substantiates the necessity to assess individual features of the monooxygenase system to optimize medication therapy.