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Effects of structural remodelling on gill physiology.

J Comp Physiol B

October 2024

Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

The complex relationships between the structure and function of fish gills have been of interest to comparative physiologists for many years. Morphological plasticity of the gill provides a dynamic mechanism to reversibly alter its structure in response to changes in the conditions experienced by the fish. The best known example of gill remodelling is the growth or retraction of cell masses between the lamellae, a rapid process that alters the lamellar surface area that is exposed to the water (i.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the impact of 'non-ideal' bio-physical-chemical corrections during the anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste, focusing on total solid levels between 10% and 40%.
  • A new 'non-ideal' model was introduced to analyze how ionic strength affects acid-base balance and other components in high-solids anaerobic digestion processes.
  • Results indicate that 'non-ideality' significantly affects pH, inhibitor concentrations, and gas transfer rates, especially at total solids of 20% or more, suggesting that all simulations should incorporate these corrections to accurately evaluate inhibitory factors in the digestion process.
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Modern and traditional approaches combined into an effective gray-box mathematical model of full-blood acid-base.

Theor Biol Med Model

September 2018

Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U nemocnice 5, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic.

Background: The acidity of human body fluids, expressed by the pH, is physiologically regulated in a narrow range, which is required for the proper function of cellular metabolism. Acid-base disorders are common especially in intensive care, and the acid-base status is one of the vital clinical signs for the patient management. Because acid-base balance is connected to many bodily processes and regulations, complex mathematical models are needed to get insight into the mixed disorders and to act accordingly.

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Process models used for activated sludge, anaerobic digestion and in general wastewater treatment plant process design and optimization have traditionally focused on important biokinetic conversions. There is a growing realization that abiotic processes occurring in the wastewater (i.e.

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A novel flow injection-gas-diffusion (GD-FI) system has been developed for the on-line analysis of ammonium ion in waters with fluorimetric detection, using an acceptor solution containing the Eosin-Bluish (EB) acid-base indicator. This, together with optimization of the process of gas transfer through the membrane, increases the sensitivity of the method to a considerable extent. Under optimum conditions, it is possible to determine the analyte within the 0.

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